A nurse would like to assist Americans in improving their health. Which strategy would be most beneficial to improve the health of the American public?
- A. Encourage Americans to stop smoking
- B. Lobby for state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging machines in all hospitals
- C. Provide free medications for Americans
- D. Offer free condoms to teenagers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging behavior changes such as smoking cessation has the potential to significantly improve public health and reduce chronic disease.
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Reducing Constipation in Older Adults
- A. Offering pureed foods that are easy to digest
- B. Encouraging fluids between meals
- C. Administering laxatives daily
- D. Assisting with ambulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging fluids and assisting with ambulation are key strategies for preventing constipation in older adults.
A 26-year-old client has a total cholesterol of 206 mg/dL and an LDL of 110. What conclusion can be drawn?
- A. The client has achieved the target levels for cholesterol in young adults.
- B. The client has a very low risk of developing heart disease.
- C. The client requires counseling about cardiac disease risk factors.
- D. The client has early-onset cardiac disease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated cholesterol levels indicate the need for education about heart disease risk factors.
A liver for which two people are tissue-typed has become available after the death of a donor in a car accident. Client A is a 45-year-old substance abuser whose liver is damaged as a result of his use of alcohol. Client B is a 16-year-old adolescent in need of a liver transplant because of a birth abnormality. Which of the following would be useful for a nurse in giving input as to which of the two should receive the liver?
- A. Advocate for Client B because he is the younger of the two and will live longer.
- B. Use feminist moral theory to advocate for Client A in spite of his alcohol use.
- C. Use a guided set of moral principles in decision-making before advocating for either.
- D. Advocate for Client A because he has 15 to 20 years of productive life left.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using moral principles systematically can help resolve ethical dilemmas and guide decision-making.
Which of the following individuals will most likely experience a disparity in health and health care?
- A. African American man
- B. Unemployed woman
- C. White middle-aged man
- D. Single white woman
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disparities are more likely to affect individuals based on socioeconomic status and employment.
A nurse is discussing exercise intensity with a client. Which of the following medications that the client is taking may limit the usefulness of heart rate as an indicator of exercise intensity?
- A. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- B. Metoprolol (Toprol)
- C. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- D. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers like metoprolol can alter heart rate response, limiting its usefulness as a measure of exercise intensity.