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A patient has been diagnosed with an incompetent cervix (the cervix will not remain closed). What treatment option will be incorporated into the plan of care for this patient?
- A. Bed rest throughout the pregnancy.
- B. Wait and see approach to determine if the patient goes into preterm labor.
- C. Preparation for cerclage procedure at 32 weeks' gestation.
- D. More frequent ultrasounds to assess progression of pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because more frequent ultrasounds are necessary to monitor the progression of the pregnancy in a patient with an incompetent cervix. This allows healthcare providers to assess the cervix's condition and the risk of preterm labor.
A: Bed rest is not the primary treatment for an incompetent cervix as it does not address the underlying issue.
B: A wait and see approach may lead to missed opportunities for preventive interventions.
C: Preparation for cerclage at 32 weeks is too late as cerclage is typically done earlier to provide support to the cervix.
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A nurse is counseling a couple about genetic testing options. What should the nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Genetic testing is only available for known hereditary conditions.
- B. Preimplantation genetic testing is performed after embryo transfer.
- C. Genetic counseling is recommended for couples with a history of genetic disorders.
- D. Genetic testing cannot determine the risk of inherited infertility.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because genetic counseling is crucial for couples with a history of genetic disorders to assess risks and make informed decisions. It helps in understanding inheritance patterns, potential risks to offspring, and available testing options. Choice A is incorrect as genetic testing is not limited to known hereditary conditions. Choice B is incorrect as preimplantation genetic testing is done before embryo transfer. Choice D is incorrect as genetic testing can indeed assess the risk of inherited infertility through various genetic tests.
During a fertility consultation, a couple inquires about polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). What should the nurse include in the explanation?
- A. PCOS only affects a woman's menstrual cycle.
- B. PCOS can cause irregular ovulation and hormonal imbalances.
- C. PCOS is not related to weight or lifestyle factors.
- D. PCOS has no impact on fertility treatment outcomes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: PCOS is a complex hormonal disorder affecting women's reproductive systems.
Step 2: It can lead to irregular ovulation, making it difficult to conceive.
Step 3: Hormonal imbalances in PCOS can affect fertility by disrupting the menstrual cycle.
Step 4: Therefore, the nurse should include that PCOS can cause irregular ovulation and hormonal imbalances in the explanation.
Summary: Option B is correct as it highlights the key features of PCOS impacting fertility. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because PCOS affects more than just the menstrual cycle, it is related to weight and lifestyle factors, and it can impact fertility treatment outcomes.
A woman asks the obstetrician's nurse about cord blood banking. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be best?
- A. I think it would be best to ask the doctor to tell you about that.
- B. The cord blood is frozen in case your baby develops a serious illness in the future.
- C. The doctors could transfuse anyone who gets into a bad accident with the blood.
- D. Cord blood banking is very expensive and the blood is rarely ever used.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cord blood banking preserves stem cells for potential future medical use.
A patient asks about the benefits of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) during IVF. What should the nurse explain?
- A. PGT is used to improve uterine health.
- B. It helps identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before transfer.
- C. PGT eliminates the need for regular fertility testing.
- D. It guarantees a healthy pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It helps identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before transfer. PGT is used during IVF to screen embryos for genetic conditions, allowing for the selection of healthy embryos for transfer, reducing the risk of passing genetic disorders to offspring. This is a crucial benefit of PGT as it helps in making informed decisions about embryo selection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because PGT focuses on genetic screening of embryos, not on improving uterine health, eliminating the need for fertility testing, or guaranteeing a healthy pregnancy.
Infertility increases a client's risk of which of the following diseases?
- A. Diabetes mellitus.
- B. Nystagmus.
- C. Cholecystitis.
- D. Ovarian cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infertility, particularly due to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), increases the risk of ovarian cancer.