A patient has had three pregnancies and two live births. The nurse would record this information as gravida _____, para _____, AB _____
- A. 2; 2; 1
- B. 3; 2; 0
- C. 3; 2; 1
- D. 3; 3; 1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 3; 2; 1. Gravida refers to the total number of pregnancies, including the current one. As the patient has had three pregnancies, the gravida is 3. Para indicates the number of live births, so since the patient has had two live births, the para is 2. AB represents the number of abortions or miscarriages, which is 1 in this case. Therefore, the correct way to record this patient's obstetric history is gravida 3, para 2, AB 1.
Choice A (2; 2; 1) is incorrect because the patient has had three pregnancies, not two. Choice B (3; 2; 0) is incorrect as it does not account for the abortion/miscarriage that occurred. Choice D (3; 3; 1) is also incorrect because the patient has had two live births, not three.
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A 33-year-old woman comes to the clinic with a history of abnormal vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. The nurse suspects that she might have fibroids. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find upon examination?
- A. An enlarged, irregular uterus that may be tender to palpation.
- B. An enlarged uterus with smooth contours and no tenderness.
- C. A smooth, tender uterus.
- D. A tender, soft, mobile uterus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because fibroids typically present as an enlarged, irregular uterus that may be tender to palpation. Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain. The irregular shape and tenderness are characteristic findings of fibroids.
Option B is incorrect because fibroids are not typically smooth and do not have smooth contours. Option C is incorrect because fibroids are not usually smooth and tender. Option D is incorrect because fibroids are not soft or mobile; they are usually firm and fixed in place within the uterus.
The most frequent side effect of oral ampicillin is : *
- A. Nausea and vomiting
- B. Loose bowel movements
- C. Constipation
- D. Urticaria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nausea and vomiting. Oral ampicillin commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and vomiting due to its impact on the gut flora. This side effect is a result of the antibiotic's mechanism of action and is well-documented in clinical practice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as loose bowel movements, constipation, and urticaria are not typically associated with oral ampicillin use.
The following topical antifungal drugs include all EXCEPT: *
- A. Tolnaftate
- B. Crotamiton
- C. Terbinane
- D. Ciclopirox
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Crotamiton. Crotamiton is not an antifungal drug; it is actually a scabicide and antipruritic agent used to treat scabies and itching.
A: Tolnaftate is an antifungal commonly used to treat fungal skin infections like athlete's foot.
C: Terbinafine is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections of the skin and nails.
D: Ciclopirox is an antifungal used to treat fungal infections of the nails and skin.
The nurse is palpating a female patient's adnexa. The findings include a firm, smooth uterine wall; the ovaries are palpable and feel smooth and firm. The fallopian tube is firm and pulsating. The nurse's most appropriate course of action would be to:
- A. Tell the patient that her examination is normal.
- B. Give her an immediate referral to a gynecologist.
- C. Suggest that she return in a month for a recheck to verify the findings.
- D. Tell the patient that she may have an ovarian cyst that should be evaluated further.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the findings of a firm, smooth uterine wall, palpable ovaries, and a firm, pulsating fallopian tube are concerning for possible gynecological issues such as ovarian cancer or pelvic inflammatory disease. A prompt referral to a gynecologist is necessary for further evaluation, which may include imaging studies or biopsies to rule out serious conditions. Choice A is incorrect as the findings are not normal. Choice C delays necessary evaluation, potentially leading to a progression of any underlying condition. Choice D assumes the presence of an ovarian cyst without further investigation, which is not appropriate given the pulsating fallopian tube and the need for a comprehensive assessment by a specialist.
The following drug is used for oral treatment of trichomonas vaginitis:
- A. Diiodohydroxyquin
- B. Tinidazole
- C. Clotrimazole
- D. Ketoconazole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Tinidazole, for oral treatment of trichomonas vaginitis. Tinidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic that is effective against trichomonas. It has good oral bioavailability and is commonly used for this infection. Diiodohydroxyquin (A) is not indicated for trichomonas vaginitis. Clotrimazole (C) and Ketoconazole (D) are antifungal agents used for yeast infections, not trichomonas. Tinidazole is the most appropriate choice due to its effectiveness against trichomonas and its oral administration route.