Nokea
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a spinal cord injury at the level of T2. Which finding is of most concern to the nurse?
- A. SpO2 of 92%
- B. Heart rate of 42 bpm
- C. Blood pressure of 88/60 mm Hg
- D. Loss of motor and sensory function in arms and legs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bradycardia is concerning due to autonomic dysreflexia.
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True statements about the aqueous include:
- A. the production is about 2 ul/min
- B. the endothelium contribute to the production of aqueous
- C. its production decreases with age
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aqueous humor is produced at a rate of about 2 µL/min, primarily by the ciliary epithelium. The endothelium does not contribute to its production. Aqueous production decreases with age, which can affect intraocular pressure regulation.
One of the three basic parts of a neuron is the ________.
- A. axon
- B. myelin
- C. pons
- D. dura mater
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A neuron consists of three basic parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axon. The axon is a long, slender projection that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or target cells. Myelin is a protective sheath around some axons, the pons is a part of the brainstem, and the dura mater is a meningeal layer. Therefore, axon is the correct answer as it is one of the fundamental components of a neuron.
Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
- A. vision
- B. taste
- C. baroreception
- D. proprioception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baroreception is the correct answer because it is a sensory input related to monitoring blood pressure, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. Vision, taste, and proprioception are sensory inputs that are part of both the somatic and autonomic systems. Vision and taste involve sensory information processed by both systems, while proprioception provides information about body position and movement, which is essential for both systems to coordinate responses.
Which of the following drugs is used to decrease intracranial pressure following intracranial surgery?
- A. Benadryl
- B. Mannitol
- C. Prednisone
- D. Corticosteroids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that reduces intracranial pressure.
Which organic molecule has long hydrocarbon chains and is a major element of cell membranes?
- A. Polypeptides
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Phospholipids
- D. Nucleotides
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phospholipids are the correct answer because they consist of long hydrocarbon chains and form the lipid bilayer, which is the fundamental structure of cell membranes. Their amphipathic nature (having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions) allows them to create a barrier that separates the cell's internal environment from the external environment, making them essential for cell integrity and function.