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A patient is being treated with saquinavir. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Increase in patient's weight
- B. Evidence of liver dysfunction
- C. Photosensitivity
- D. Allergic skin reaction
- E. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients taking saquinavir experience redistribution of body fat, with the movement to the center of the body. The nurse should spend time with these patients, encouraging them to verbalize their feelings regarding this change in appearance. Taking saquinavir does not cause liver dysfunction, photosensitivity, allergic skin reactions, or diarrhea.
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A client diagnosed with HIV infection is receiving HAART. The client, who is alert and oriented, complains of anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. He has lost 10 pounds in the last 6 weeks. Additional assessment reveals pale, pink skin without any irritation or breakdown. He denies any complaints of pain. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse identify as the priority for this client?
- A. Risk for Injury
- B. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
- C. Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
- D. Acute Pain
- E. Ineffective Coping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's complaints along with his weight loss strongly suggest a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements as a priority. The client is alert and oriented, so his risk for injury is significantly low. There is no evidence of impaired skin integrity at present. However, this may become a concern if the client begins toæ??æ³? experience skin breakdown secondary to his poor nutritional status. The client denies any pain, so Acute Pain would be inappropriate. Ineffective Coping is not supported by the provided assessment data.
An HIV-positive patient on antiretroviral therapy informs the nurse that he is considering taking sildenafil. The nurse informs the patient that he may experience which of the following when taking sildenafil with antiretroviral therapy?
- A. Feching of dizziness
- B. Tching of skin
- C. Risk of hypotension
- D. Depression
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient regarding the associated risks, such as hypotension, visual disturbances, and prolonged penile erection. Feeling of dizziness, itching of skin, depression, and nausea are not conditions that are specifically associated with sildenafil and antiretroviral drugs.
A client is ordered to receive an antiretroviral agent that is categorized as a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Indinavir
- B. Nevirapine
- C. Saquinavir
- D. Ritonavir
- E. Zidovudine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nevirapine is classified as a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Indinavir, saquinavir, and ritonavir are classified as protease inhibitors. Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
A patient who is receiving antiretroviral therapy is about to be discharged. Which of the following precautions should the nurse instruct the patient to follow to reduce the effects of photosensitivity?
- A. Wear protective clothing when outside.
- B. Increase fluid intake.
- C. Avoid lights while indoors.
- D. Use tanning beds for tan.
- E. Apply sunscreen daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should encourage the patient to wear protective clothing while going out in the sun to reduce the effect of photosensitivity. While increasing the fluid intake is recommended, it does not help combat the effects of photosensitivity. There is no need to avoid indoor lights as the skin becomes sensitive to sunlight but not indoor lights. The use of tanning beds should be avoided. Applying sunscreen daily is a good practice but was not listed as an option.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed amantadine. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Asthenia and abdominal pain
- B. Fever and dizziness
- C. Anorexia and dyspnea
- D. Hypotension and insomnia
- E. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A nurse should monitor the patient for hypotension and insomnia, since these are adverse reactions of amantadine. Asthenia and abdominal pain are adverse reactions of adefovir. Fever and dizziness are adverse reactions of acyclovir. Anorexia and dyspnea are adverse reactions of cidofovir. Nausea and vomiting are not specific adverse reactions of amantadine.