Nokea
A nurse is reviewing information about cidofovir in preparation for administration. The nurse understands that which of the following are true? Select all that apply.
- A. It should not be given to clients who have renal impairment.
- B. The drug should not be given to clients receiving aminoglycosides.
- C. Cidofovir is used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis.
- D. It is administered by placing one drop in both eyes twice daily.
- E. The drug should not be given with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Cidofovir should not be given to clients who have renal impairment or who are receiving other nephrotoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides. The drug is used to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis and is administered IV.
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An HIV-positive patient is being treated with didanosine as part of the antiretroviral therapy. When assessing the patient, the nurse would immediately report which of the following to the primary health care provider?
- A. Peripheral neuropathy
- B. Headache
- C. Excoriation
- D. Taste alteration
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report symptoms of peripheral neuropathy to the primary health care provider. Headache, taste alteration, and nausea are some of the mild adverse effects of the drug and are not cause for immediate concern. Excoriation is an adverse effect of imiquimod and does not occur in patients being administered didanosine.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antiretroviral drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify that these drugs are used to treat which infections? Select all that apply.
- A. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
- B. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- C. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- D. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1
- E. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Antiretroviral drugs are used to treat HIV and AIDS.
A patient is being treated with saquinavir. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Increase in patient's weight
- B. Evidence of liver dysfunction
- C. Photosensitivity
- D. Allergic skin reaction
- E. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients taking saquinavir experience redistribution of body fat, with the movement to the center of the body. The nurse should spend time with these patients, encouraging them to verbalize their feelings regarding this change in appearance. Taking saquinavir does not cause liver dysfunction, photosensitivity, allergic skin reactions, or diarrhea.
When teaching a client about antiviral therapy, the nurse would include information about the possibility of which adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
- A. Rash
- B. Sedation
- C. Chills
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Headache
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Adverse reactions associated with antiviral drugs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, fever, and insomnia.
A patient who is receiving antiretroviral therapy is about to be discharged. Which of the following precautions should the nurse instruct the patient to follow to reduce the effects of photosensitivity?
- A. Wear protective clothing when outside.
- B. Increase fluid intake.
- C. Avoid lights while indoors.
- D. Use tanning beds for tan.
- E. Apply sunscreen daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should encourage the patient to wear protective clothing while going out in the sun to reduce the effect of photosensitivity. While increasing the fluid intake is recommended, it does not help combat the effects of photosensitivity. There is no need to avoid indoor lights as the skin becomes sensitive to sunlight but not indoor lights. The use of tanning beds should be avoided. Applying sunscreen daily is a good practice but was not listed as an option.