Nokea
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a goal for a client who is receiving an antiviral drug? Select all that apply.
- A. Adverse reactions are identified and treated.
- B. Adequate nutritional status is maintained.
- C. Perceptions of body changes are managed successfully.
- D. Skin integrity is successfully maintained.
- E. Therapeutic response is achieved.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The goals for a client taking antiviral drugs can include the following: adverse reactions are identified and treated, adequate nutritional status is maintained, perceptions of body changes are managed successfully, skin integrity is successfully maintained, and therapeutic response is achieved.
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A patient with skin lesions due to a viral infection has been prescribed a topical antiviral agent. When teaching the patient about this therapy, which of the following would the nurse emphasize?
- A. The drug will not prevent the spread of the disease to others.
- B. Topical drugs should be applied using the hand, not a finger cot or gloves.
- C. All lesions should be left open and not covered in any way.
- D. Sexual contact when lesions are present is permissible if barrier methods are used.
- E. Apply the drug twice daily for best results
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should inform the patient that application of the drug does not prevent the spread of the disease to others. Topical drugs should be applied with a finger cot or gloves but not with bare hands. The nurse should instruct the patient to cover all lesions and not leave them open. The nurse should also stress the importance of avoiding sexual contact when lesions are present irrespective of contraceptive measures. The frequency of application depends on the specific drug prescribed.
An HIV-positive patient on antiretroviral therapy informs the nurse that he is considering taking sildenafil. The nurse informs the patient that he may experience which of the following when taking sildenafil with antiretroviral therapy?
- A. Feching of dizziness
- B. Tching of skin
- C. Risk of hypotension
- D. Depression
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient regarding the associated risks, such as hypotension, visual disturbances, and prolonged penile erection. Feeling of dizziness, itching of skin, depression, and nausea are not conditions that are specifically associated with sildenafil and antiretroviral drugs.
A patient who is being discharged needs to continue taking the zanamivir using a Diskhaler and a bronchodilator. Both the inhaler and the Diskhaler are prescribed at the same time. Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the patient?
- A. Zanamivir should be taken every 6 hours.
- B. Use the bronchodilator before taking zanamivir.
- C. Zanamivir used with a bronchodilator causes orthostatic hypotension.
- D. Risk of disease transmission is minimal during therapy.
- E. Monitor for allergic reactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bronchodilator should be used before the zanamivir. The drug should be taken every 12 hours, not every 6 hours. The nurse should also inform the patient that treatment with this drug does not decrease the risk of transmission of the 'flu' to others. Zanamivir when used with a bronchodilator does not specifically cause orthostatic hypotension, though antivirals are known to affect the mental status of patients. Monitoring for allergic reactions is a general recommendation but not specific to this scenario.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is receiving antiviral therapy. Which of the following would the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Only notify your physician if an allergic reaction to the antiviral drug occurs.
- B. These drugs are not a cure for the viral infection, but they will shorten the course of disease.
- C. Mark a calendar to designate the days the drug is to be taken so that you can keep to the ordered alternate-dosage schedule.
- D. These drugs will help in preventing the spread of the infection to those around you.
- E. Take precautions when you're outside because you might experience a sunburn reaction.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The nurse's teaching plan for antiviral drugs should include educating the client and family that antiviral drugs are not a cure for viral infection but will shorten the course of disease; that antiviral drugs will not prevent the spread of disease to others; that some antiviral drugs cause photosensitivity, so precaution should be taken when going outdoors; that a calendar should be marked to designate the days the drug is to be taken for clients on an alternate-dosage schedule; and that the physician should be notified if burning, stinging, itching, or rash worsens or becomes pronounced.
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is to receive ritonavir. Which medication if found in the medication history would lead the nurse to contact the primary health care provider because the prescribed drug would be contraindicated? Select all that apply.
- A. Triazolam (Halcion)
- B. Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
- C. Zolpidem (Ambien)
- D. Lisinopril (Prinivil)
- E. Procainamide (Procanbid)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Ritonavir (Norvir) is contraindicated if the client is taking bupropion (Wellbutrin), zolpidem (Ambien), or an antiarrhythmic drug.