Nokea
A patient is in which stage of Alzheimer's disease when demonstrating difficulty swallowing?
- A. Pre-Alzheimer's
- B. Early
- C. Middle
- D. Late
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient who demonstrates difficulty swallowing is in the late, or severe, stage.
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Which Glasgow Coma Scale rating would a patient receive who opens the eyes spontaneously, but has incomprehensible speech and obeys commands for movement?
- A. 8
- B. 10
- C. 11
- D. 12
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale was developed in 1974, and it consists of three parts of the neurologic assessment: eye opening, best motor response, and best verbal response. This patient gets a 4 for eye opening, a 2 for incomprehensible speech, and a 6 for moving on demand.
The nurse explains to a patient and family that the triad of signs of Parkinson disease is: ___, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
Correct Answer: tremor
Rationale: Tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the triad that make up the signs of Parkinson disease.
Which sign is the first sign of Bell's palsy?
- A. Inability to wrinkle forehead and pucker lips on affected side
- B. Sudden pain in nostril on affected side
- C. Excessive salivation on the affected side
- D. Excessive mucus running from nostril on affected side
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unilateral weakness of the facial muscles usually occurs, resulting in a flaccidity of the affected side of the face with inability to wrinkle the forehead, close the eyelid, pucker the lips, smile, frown, whistle, or retract the mouth on that side. The face appears asymmetric.
Following a myelogram the nurse will include in the postprocedure care observing for which possible complication?
- A. elevation of blood pressure.
- B. urine retention.
- C. Loss of sensation in lower extremities.
- D. slurred speech.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postmyelogram care includes the data collection to ensure there is no leakage of CSF, sensation and strength of the lower extremities, or headache. To avoid a headache, the patient should be flat for a few hours.
The waxy substance that covers the neuron fibers and increases the rate of transmission of impulses is the ___
Correct Answer: myelin
Rationale: Myelin is the waxy substance that covers the neuron fibers (axons and dendrites) and increases the rate of transmission of impulses.