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A patient is prescribed clomiphene citrate. What should the nurse explain about this medication?
- A. It is an injectable medication for ovulation induction.
- B. It stimulates the pituitary gland to release hormones necessary for ovulation.
- C. It suppresses ovulation to regulate the menstrual cycle.
- D. It is used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because clomiphene citrate works by stimulating the pituitary gland to release hormones necessary for ovulation. This helps in the treatment of infertility by inducing ovulation in women who do not ovulate regularly. Option A is incorrect because clomiphene citrate is not an injectable medication. Option C is incorrect because clomiphene citrate does not suppress ovulation, but rather stimulates it. Option D is incorrect because clomiphene citrate is used for ovulation induction, not just for treating PCOS symptoms.
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A patient asks about the benefits of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) during IVF. What should the nurse explain?
- A. PGT is used to improve uterine health.
- B. It helps identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before transfer.
- C. PGT eliminates the need for regular fertility testing.
- D. It guarantees a healthy pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It helps identify genetic abnormalities in embryos before transfer. PGT is used during IVF to screen embryos for genetic conditions, allowing for the selection of healthy embryos for transfer, reducing the risk of passing genetic disorders to offspring. This is a crucial benefit of PGT as it helps in making informed decisions about embryo selection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because PGT focuses on genetic screening of embryos, not on improving uterine health, eliminating the need for fertility testing, or guaranteeing a healthy pregnancy.
Infertility increases a client's risk of which of the following diseases?
- A. Diabetes mellitus.
- B. Nystagmus.
- C. Cholecystitis.
- D. Ovarian cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infertility, particularly due to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), increases the risk of ovarian cancer.
A client has been notified that because of fallopian tube obstruction, her best option for becoming pregnant is through in vitro fertilization. The client asks the nurse about the procedure. Which of the following responses is correct?
- A. During the stimulation phase of the procedure
- B. the physician will make sure that only one egg reaches maturation.
- C. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis will be performed on your partner's sperm before they are mixed with your eggs.
- D. After ovarian stimulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extra embryos can be cryopreserved for future use.
A couple is seeking infertility counseling. During the history, it is noted that the man is a cancer survivor, drinks one beer every night with dinner, and takes a sauna every day after work. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. It is unlikely that any of these factors is affecting his fertility.
- B. Daily alcohol consumption could be causing his infertility problems.
- C. Sperm may be malformed when exposed to the heat of the sauna.
- D. Cancer survivors have the same fertility rates as healthy males.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exposure to high temperatures, such as those in saunas, can impair spermatogenesis and lead to malformed sperm, making this a significant factor in male infertility.
Once oogenesis is complete, the resultant gamete cell contains how many chromosomes?
- A. 23
- B. 46
- C. 47
- D. 92
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oogenesis results in a haploid gamete with 23 chromosomes.