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A patient is reluctant to discuss personal health issues due to embarrassment. What is the nurse's best approach to encourage open communication?
- A. Dismiss the patient's concerns and proceed with asking personal health questions.
- B. Provide the patient with privacy and assurance of confidentiality to create a safe space for discussion.
- C. Ignore the patient's reluctance and proceed with asking personal health questions regardless.
- D. Tell the patient that embarrassment is unnecessary and they should be open about their health issues.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing the patient with privacy and assurance of confidentiality is essential to create a safe and trusting environment for open communication. By assuring the patient that their information will be kept confidential, the nurse can help alleviate the patient's fears and encourage them to feel more comfortable discussing their personal health issues. Dismissing the patient's concerns (option A), ignoring their reluctance (option C), or telling them that their embarrassment is unnecessary (option D) are not effective approaches and may further hinder open communication. It is crucial for the nurse to create a supportive and nonjudgmental atmosphere to build trust with the patient and facilitate honest discussions about their health concerns.
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The nurse assists a health care provider in performing a liver biopsy. After the biopsy, the nurse should place the client in which position?
- A. Prone
- B. Supine
- C. A left side-lying position with a small pillow or folded towel under the puncture site
- D. A right side-lying position with a small pillow or folded towel under the puncture site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing the client in a left side-lying position after a liver biopsy helps to promote pressure on the puncture site, which can reduce the risk of bleeding. Placing a small pillow or folded towel under the puncture site provides additional support and helps to maintain pressure on the area. This position also helps prevent the client from putting pressure on the abdomen, which could potentially affect the biopsy site and increase the risk of bleeding or complications. Overall, positioning the client on the left side with support under the puncture site is the most appropriate and safest option after a liver biopsy.
The patient is shouting and cursing the nurse, the nurse slaps the patient. The nurse would be guilty of:
- A. Abuse
- B. Assault
- C. Battery
- D. Physical abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Battery is the intentional touching or use of force on another individual without their consent. In this scenario, the nurse's action of slapping the patient constitutes battery as it involves a deliberate physical contact without the patient's permission. This is different from assault, which involves the threat of harm, and abuse, which encompasses various forms of mistreatment. Ultimately, the nurse in this situation would be guilty of committing a battery by unlawfully striking the patient.
What would Merle do to keep abreast with the latest trends in peri-operative nursing?
- A. Attend training and seminars
- B. All of these
- C. Perform researches
- D. Pursue graduate studies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To keep abreast with the latest trends in peri-operative nursing, Merle should employ a combination of attending training and seminars, performing researches, and pursuing graduate studies. Attending training and seminars will expose Merle to new information, techniques, and best practices in peri-operative nursing. Performing researches will help Merle stay updated with current developments and evidence-based practices in the field. Pursuing graduate studies will provide Merle with advanced knowledge and skills, allowing for a deeper understanding of peri-operative nursing concepts and practices. By incorporating all of these strategies, Merle can ensure that he remains knowledgeable and competent in his role as a peri-operative nurse.
A postpartum client reports feeling emotional and tearful despite no apparent physical discomfort. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to address the client's emotional well-being?
- A. Providing opportunities for rest and sleep
- B. Educating the client about the "baby blues" phenomenon
- C. Encouraging the client to engage in self-care activities
- D. Referring the client to a mental health professional
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating the client about the "baby blues" phenomenon should be prioritized as it is a common occurrence that happens to many women after giving birth. The "baby blues" refer to feelings of sadness, irritability, and tearfulness that many new mothers experience due to hormonal changes and the stress of adjusting to motherhood. By understanding that these feelings are a normal part of the postpartum period and that they usually resolve on their own within a few weeks, the client may feel reassured and supported. Providing information and support can help the client cope with these emotions and reduce any anxiety or distress they may be feeling. If the client's emotional state does not improve or becomes more severe, further intervention such as referring to a mental health professional may be necessary. But initially, education and reassurance about the "baby blues" can be an effective nursing intervention to address the client's emotional well-being.
A patient presents with fever, chills, headache, and myalgia after returning from a trip to sub-Saharan Africa. Laboratory tests reveal intraerythrocytic ring forms and trophozoites on blood smear examination. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
- A. Plasmodium falciparum
- B. Trypanosoma cruzi
- C. Borrelia burgdorferi
- D. Leishmania donovani
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most likely causative agent in this scenario is Plasmodium falciparum, a protozoan parasite that causes malaria. The patient's symptoms of fever, chills, headache, and myalgia align with the typical presentation of malaria. Additionally, the presence of intraerythrocytic ring forms and trophozoites on blood smear examination is characteristic of Plasmodium species, particularly P. falciparum, which causes the most severe form of malaria.