Drug Classifications Quiz

Drug Classifications Quiz Related

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A patient presents in the emergency department with a massive overdose of a drug. The most worrisome signs and symptoms include excessive cardiac stimulation (severe tachycardia, palpitations, angina, etc.). The EDphysician orders IV administration a -adrenergic blocker, saying (correctly) it is the only drug likely to normalize cardiac function quickly and save the patient's life. Which of the following was the most likely drug the patient overdosed on?

  • A. A second-generation sulfonylurea (e.g., glipizide, glyburide)
  • B. Insulin
  • C. Levothyroxine
  • D. Prednisone (oral glucocorticoid)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Levothyroxine overdose causes thyrotoxicosis, leading to cardiac overstimulation treatable with beta-blockers.

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The major disadvantage of celecoxib is:

  • A. It is less efficacious compared to non-selective cox-1 inhibitors
  • B. It causes more gastrointestinal disturbances
  • C. It increases cardiovascular risk of death
  • D. It increases risk of kidney disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, increases cardiovascular risk.

Protein binding of a drug helps in

  • A. Distribution
  • B. Prolonging half life
  • C. Limiting metabolism
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Protein binding affects distribution (bound drugs stay in plasma), prolongs half-life (less free drug available for clearance), and limits metabolism (bound drug is less accessible to enzymes).

What describes the action of the body on the drug?

  • A. Pharmacodynamics
  • B. Pharmacokinetics
  • C. Microbiology
  • D. Physiology
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, distinct from pharmacodynamics, which is the drug's effect on the body.

All of following drugs are metabolized in body by acetylation except:

  • A. INH
  • B. Hydralazine
  • C. Procainamide
  • D. Dilantin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dilantin (phenytoin) is metabolized by hydroxylation, not acetylation.

Carvedilol is heavily metabolized by CYP2D6 and 2C9, resulting in drug interactions with which of the following drug classes?

  • A. Histamine 2 blockers
  • B. Quinolones
  • C. Serotonin re-uptake inhibitors
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: SSRIs inhibit CYP2D6, increasing carvedilol levels and effects.

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