Exam Questions on Endocrine System

Exam Questions on Endocrine System Related

Review Exam Questions on Endocrine System related questions and content

A patient presents with a bump on his neck. Upon taking a tissue sample, there appears to be parafollicular cells. The tumor is also associated with MEN II, although most of the time it is sporadic. What is the best way to moniter treatment?

  • A. Measure Thyroid Hormone Levels
  • B. Measure Iodine Levels
  • C. Measure Tsh Levels
  • D. Measure Calcitonin Levels
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The parafollicular cells in the tissue sample indicate a tumor of the thyroid gland, likely medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type II (MEN II). MTC primarily secretes calcitonin. Monitoring Calcitonin levels is crucial for assessing disease progression and treatment response in MTC. Measuring Thyroid Hormone Levels (A) would not be specific for MTC. Iodine Levels (B) are not relevant in this context. TSH Levels (C) reflect pituitary feedback and are not specific to MTC. Therefore, the best way to monitor treatment in this case is to measure Calcitonin Levels (D).

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Mr. Weber, an insulin-dependent diabetic, states that in the afternoon he has occasional severe reactions during which he becomes unconscious. In planning his care, which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate?

  • A. Placing a tube of commercially prepared glucose paste at his bedside
  • B. Administering regular insulin
  • C. Checking his level of consciousness every hour
  • D. Keeping a supply of orange juice in the refrigerator
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a patient with severe hypoglycemic reactions, it's essential to have a quick source of glucose on hand, like glucose paste, to treat unconsciousness from low blood sugar.

Which two elements react together to form an ionic compound?

  • A. R and T
  • B. T and X
  • C. X and Z
  • D. Z and R
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, X and Z. Ionic compounds are formed when a metal (X) reacts with a nonmetal (Z) by transferring electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration. Metal atoms tend to lose electrons to form positively charged cations, while nonmetal atoms tend to gain electrons to form negatively charged anions. In this case, X (metal) and Z (nonmetal) will react to form an ionic compound through electron transfer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not involve a metal-nonmetal combination, which is essential for the formation of an ionic compound.

Myxedema, Graves’ disease, and cretinism are:

  • A. hypothyroid disorders.
  • B. due to a deficiency of TSH.
  • C. disorders of the thyroid gland.
  • D. best treated with T3 and/or T4.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Myxedema, Graves' disease, and cretinism are all disorders directly related to the thyroid gland, involving either hypo or hyperactivity. Myxedema and cretinism are hypothyroid disorders, while Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Thus, the correct answer is C. Choice A is incorrect as Graves' disease is a hyperthyroid disorder. Choice B is incorrect as these disorders are not solely due to a deficiency of TSH. Choice D is incorrect as treatment can vary depending on the specific disorder and may not always involve T3 and/or T4.

Selective beta2 stimulants frequently cause:

  • A. Skeletal muscle tremors
  • B. Tolerance
  • C. Tachycardia
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Selective beta2 stimulants typically cause skeletal muscle tremors due to their action on beta2 receptors in skeletal muscles. They can also lead to tolerance with prolonged use, requiring higher doses for the same effect. Additionally, they can cause tachycardia by stimulating beta2 receptors in the heart. Therefore, all of the above choices (A, B, and C) are correct.

The endocrine system works together with the ________ system to maintain the body’s equilibrium?

  • A. digestive system
  • B. nervous system
  • C. respiratory system
  • D. reproductive system
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nervous system. The endocrine system and nervous system work together in maintaining the body's equilibrium through communication and regulation of bodily functions. The nervous system controls rapid responses, while the endocrine system regulates slower, long-term responses through hormones. The digestive system (A) primarily focuses on breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. The respiratory system (C) is responsible for gas exchange. The reproductive system (D) is involved in reproduction and hormone production, but not in maintaining the body's equilibrium.

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