Endocrine System MCQ Questions

Endocrine System MCQ Questions Related

Review Endocrine System MCQ Questions related questions and content

A patient presents with an anaphylactic reaction following a bee sting. Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating the multiple cardiovascular and pulmonary problems that, if not promptly corrected, could lead to the patient’s death?

  • A. Atropine
  • B. Diphenhydramine
  • C. Epinephrine
  • D. Isoproterenol
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating anaphylactic reactions due to its ability to rapidly reverse the cardiovascular and pulmonary symptoms. It acts by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening up the airways, which helps counteract the potentially life-threatening effects of anaphylaxis. Atropine (A) is used for bradycardia, Diphenhydramine (B) for mild allergic reactions, and Isoproterenol (D) for bradycardia or heart block. Epinephrine is the most appropriate choice in this scenario due to its immediate and broad-spectrum effects in managing anaphylactic reactions.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which amino acid is not found in protein?

  • A. ornithine
  • B. arginine
  • C. valine
  • D. aspartic acid
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: ornithine. Ornithine is not a standard amino acid found in protein structures but is involved in the urea cycle. Arginine, valine, and aspartic acid are all standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. Ornithine is not incorporated into proteins during translation, making it the correct choice.

Where Are Islets of Langerhans Found?

  • A. Anterior pituitary
  • B. Cortex
  • C. Spleen
  • D. Endocrine pancreas
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Islets of Langerhans are clusters of cells in the pancreas that regulate blood sugar levels. Choice D, Endocrine pancreas, is correct because the Islets of Langerhans are specifically located in the pancreas. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the Islets of Langerhans are not found in the anterior pituitary, cortex, or spleen. The pancreas is the primary organ associated with blood sugar regulation, making it the correct location for the Islets of Langerhans.

The posterior pituitary gland stores and secretes

  • A. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
  • B. human growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone
  • C. prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone
  • D. glucocorticoids and androgens
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. The posterior pituitary gland stores oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
2. Oxytocin is responsible for uterine contractions and milk ejection.
3. ADH regulates water balance by controlling urine concentration.
4. These hormones are produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary.
5. Choice A is correct as it accurately identifies the hormones stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary.
Summary:
- Choice B is incorrect because human growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone are not stored or secreted by the posterior pituitary.
- Choice C is incorrect because prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone are produced by the anterior pituitary.
- Choice D is incorrect because glucocorticoids and androgens are not stored or secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Which of these is not an endocrine property?

  • A. hormones reach targets through the blood
  • B. effects are slow and cyclic
  • C. rapid acting effects
  • D. effects caused by chemicals.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: rapid acting effects. Endocrine properties involve hormones reaching targets through the blood, causing slow and cyclic effects. Rapid acting effects are more characteristic of the nervous system, not the endocrine system. Endocrine effects are caused by chemicals, so choice D is incorrect.

Which of the following organs is considered a neuroendocrine organ?

  • A. pituitary
  • B. hypothalamus
  • C. pancreas
  • D. adrenal cortex
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is considered a neuroendocrine organ because it produces and releases hormones that regulate the pituitary gland's hormonal secretion. It acts as a bridge between the nervous system and the endocrine system, controlling various physiological processes. The pituitary gland (choice A) is a master endocrine gland, not a neuroendocrine organ. The pancreas (choice C) is an exocrine and endocrine gland involved in blood sugar regulation. The adrenal cortex (choice D) is part of the adrenal glands responsible for producing steroid hormones, not considered a neuroendocrine organ.

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