Nokea
A patient presents with multiple, dome-shaped, translucent papules with central umbilication on the face and trunk. The lesions are asymptomatic and have been gradually increasing in number. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Basal cell carcinoma
- B. Molluscum contagiosum
- C. Sebaceous hyperplasia
- D. Keratoacanthoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by the poxvirus. It typically presents as multiple dome-shaped, translucent papules with central umbilication on the face and trunk. The lesions are usually asymptomatic but can be itchy. Molluscum contagiosum is a common infection in children but can also occur in adults, especially those who are immunocompromised. The lesions can gradually increase in number over time. Basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous hyperplasia, and keratoacanthoma do not typically present with the characteristic features of molluscum contagiosum.
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A patient with suspected acute exacerbation of asthma presents with severe dyspnea, accessory muscle use, and inability to speak in full sentences. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for assessing the severity of the patient's asthma exacerbation and guiding management decisions?
- A. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measurement
- B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis
- C. Chest X-ray
- D. Clinical assessment using standardized severity scores
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient is presenting with severe symptoms of acute exacerbation of asthma, including severe dyspnea, accessory muscle use, and inability to speak in full sentences. In such cases, the most appropriate intervention for assessing the severity of the asthma exacerbation and guiding management decisions is a clinical assessment using standardized severity scores.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE PURPOSE OF RECORD KEEPING?
- A. Quantify medication usage
- B. Historical background
- C. Archive
- D. Quality health care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of record keeping in healthcare is primarily to ensure quality health care. Maintaining accurate and up-to-date records of patient information, including medical history, treatments, medications, and test results, allows healthcare providers to make informed decisions about patient care. Access to complete and organized records helps in providing timely and effective treatments, reducing errors, and ensuring continuity of care. By tracking and documenting patient care, healthcare professionals can assess outcomes, monitor progress, and improve overall quality of healthcare services. Additionally, thorough record keeping also supports communication between healthcare providers and facilitates coordination of care across different healthcare settings.
Nurse Nora notices patient's uterine contractions are 70 seconds long and occur every 90 seconds when assessing the frequency of her contractions after she receives oxytocin. what would be the nurse's FIRST action?
- A. Give an emergency bolus of oxytocin to relaxed the uterus
- B. Discontinue the administration of the oxytocin infusion
- C. Increase the rate of client's IV infusion
- D. Ask client to turn to her left side and breathe deeply
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient's uterine contractions lasting 70 seconds and occurring every 90 seconds signify hyperstimulation, which can be a serious complication associated with oxytocin administration. This may result in decreased uterine perfusion, fetal distress, and other adverse effects. The first action should be to discontinue the oxytocin infusion to prevent further complications and allow the uterus to relax. Observations and assessment should continue to monitor the patient's condition and response after discontinuing the infusion. Giving an emergency bolus of oxytocin or increasing the IV infusion rate would exacerbate the hyperstimulation, and turning the client to her left side and breathing deeply would not address the underlying issue of oxytocin-induced hyperstimulation.
It a medicine is unavailable and therefore not given to the patient, how is it charted?
- A. Leave it blank.
- B. Sign and make an explanation in the Nurses Notes.
- C. With an asterisk or mark, as per hospital protocol.
- D. Write the letter.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a medication is unavailable and therefore not given to the patient, it is important to document this in the Nurses Notes along with an explanation. Leaving it blank (Option A) may lead to confusion or errors as the reason for not administering the medication would not be clear. Using an asterisk or mark as per hospital protocol (Option C) may not provide enough information about why the medication was missed. Writing the letter (Option D) without any explanation would not suffice in terms of documentation and accountability. Therefore, signing and making an explanation in the Nurses Notes (Option B) is the correct way to chart when a medication is unavailable. This ensures proper documentation of the situation and helps in maintaining the continuity of care for the patient.
Should the nurse encounter patients who are stressed due to their health condition, the BEST way to communicate is through which one of the following?
- A. Sympathizing
- B. Sharing
- C. Empathizing
- D. Listening
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When encountering patients who are stressed due to their health condition, the best way for a nurse to communicate is through empathizing. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person, which can help the nurse connect with the patient on an emotional level. Empathizing allows the nurse to show genuine care and concern for the patient's well-being, fostering a trusting and supportive relationship. This approach can help alleviate the patient's stress and make them feel understood and supported during a difficult time. Sympathizing and sharing may come across as insincere or minimize the patient's experiences, while listening is important but combining it with empathy enhances the overall communication experience.