Nokea
A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient?
- A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- B. Lithium
- C. Alprazolam (Xanax)
- D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam (Xanax) is a medication commonly prescribed to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. It belongs to the class of medications known as benzodiazepines, which work by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain to produce a calming effect. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug, not typically used for anxiety or panic attacks. Lithium is primarily used to treat bipolar disorder, not anxiety. Spironolactone is a diuretic primarily used to treat conditions like high blood pressure and heart failure, not anxiety or panic attacks.
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What is the primary action of warfarin as an anticoagulant?
- A. Prevents the formation of blood clots
- B. Dissolves existing blood clots
- C. Dilates coronary arteries
- D. Treats rhythm disturbances
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is classified as an anticoagulant, which means its primary function is to prevent the formation of blood clots. By inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors in the liver, warfarin reduces the blood's ability to clot, making it an important medication in preventing conditions like strokes and deep vein thrombosis.
A patient with hypertension is taking an ACE inhibitor to lower blood pressure. What should the nurse advise the patient to avoid in their diet?
- A. Vinegar
- B. Apples
- C. Salt substitutes
- D. Tomatoes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients taking ACE inhibitors should avoid salt substitutes as they often contain potassium, which can lead to hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium in the blood that can be dangerous, especially for patients on ACE inhibitors. Therefore, it is important for the patient to avoid salt substitutes to prevent potential complications.
A client has a new prescription for Filgrastim to treat neutropenia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. This medication will help increase your white blood cell count.
- B. This medication will help reduce your risk of infection.
- C. This medication will help improve your red blood cell count.
- D. This medication will help increase your platelet count.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Filgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the production of white blood cells, specifically neutrophils, to increase the white blood cell count. This increase in white blood cells helps reduce the risk of infections in clients with neutropenia, a condition characterized by low levels of neutrophils.
A client is taking Furosemide for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to assess for an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Serum potassium.
- B. Serum calcium.
- C. Serum sodium.
- D. Serum magnesium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic commonly used in heart failure, can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to detect and prevent complications associated with low potassium levels, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing the client's serum potassium levels regularly while on Furosemide.
A client has a new prescription for Enalapril. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?
- A. Dry cough.
- B. Hyperglycemia.
- C. Weight gain.
- D. Increased urination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.