Nokea
A patient taking a diuretic is assessed by the nurse as having an erratic pulse and muscle weakness. What electrolyte should the nurse suspect is deficient?
- A. Sodium
- B. Potassium
- C. Chloride
- D. Iron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics can deplete potassium through urine excretion and lead to muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.
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__ softens stools speeds transit of foods through the digestive tract and reduces pressure in the colon.
Correct Answer: fiber
Rationale: Insoluble fiber softens stools, speeds transit of foods through the digestive tract, and reduces pressure in the colon. Thus it may help relieve constipation and reduce the risk of certain gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, such as diverticulosis or hemorrhoids.
The nurse recognizes that when a patient is unable to consume adequate nutrition by mouth an alternative route such as a feeding ostomy may be used. What is the proper term for feeding a patient by this method?
- A. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
- B. Nasogastric
- C. Enteral
- D. Parenteral
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The administration of nutritionally balanced liquid foods through a feeding ostomy is called enteral nutrition.
The nurse makes nutrition a focus in the care plan. Where does nutrition play the most important role?
- A. Weight control
- B. Sustained appetite
- C. Building strong bones
- D. Health maintenance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is the total of all processes involved in taking in and using food substances for proper growth, functioning, and maintenance of health.
What is the term for stored fat that insulates the body and serves as a cushion to protect organs?
- A. Subcutaneous tissue
- B. Adipose tissue
- C. Cohesive tissue
- D. Lipid tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fat is stored in the body as adipose tissue.
What are some elements found in food that are necessary for good health but the body cannot make?
- A. Important nutrients
- B. Lifesaving nutrients
- C. Essential nutrients
- D. Necessary nutrients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elements found in food that our bodies cannot make are essential nutrients.