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The body uses 22 common amino acids but 9 of them must be obtained from protein in the diet. What are these proteins considered?
- A. Essential
- B. Basic
- C. Fundamental
- D. Primary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Essential amino acids must be consumed in the diet, because the body cannot make them.
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The nurse is educating a group of high school students regarding nutrition. How should the nurse respond when the students ask what occurs when protein mineral iron and fat combine?
- A. Body processes are regulated.
- B. Energy is provided.
- C. Tissue is built and repaired.
- D. Body function is restored.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Many nutrients are necessary to build and repair tissue, including protein, minerals, iron, and fat.
How many kcal/g does 1 g of alcohol provide?
- A. 4 kcal/g
- B. 5 kcal/g
- C. 6 kcal/g
- D. 7 kcal/g
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alcohol provides 7 kcal/g of energy.
A fit young woman was at zero nitrogen balance. The nurse discovers that this patient is now pregnant with her first child. For what is this patient at risk?
- A. Embolism
- B. Anabolism
- C. Catabolism
- D. Metabolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When more nitrogen is consumed than is excreted, anabolism occurs. This is also called a positive nitrogen balance.
At approximately 4 to 6 months of age solid food is introduced to a baby. What foods with high iron content should be recommended by the nurse?
- A. Pureed fruit
- B. Fortified cereals
- C. Fruit juice
- D. Rice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At approximately 4 to 6 months, iron-rich foods, such as fortified cereal and pureed meat, are introduced to a baby.
The nurse is educating a patient on a vegan diet. What supplement will the nurse encourage this patient to take to avoid a deficiency?
- A. B6
- B. B12
- C. K
- D. D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B12 is almost exclusively found in animal products, but it can be supplemented with fortified cereals or vitamins.