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A patient undergoing ovulation induction asks about the risks involved. What should the nurse include in the discussion?
- A. There are no risks associated with ovulation induction.
- B. The most common risk is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
- C. Ovulation induction reduces the chances of natural conception.
- D. Risks only occur with injectable medications.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The most common risk is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This is because during ovulation induction, there is a risk of overstimulating the ovaries, leading to OHSS. This condition can cause abdominal pain, bloating, and in severe cases, fluid accumulation in the abdomen and chest. Other choices are incorrect: A is false as there are risks associated with ovulation induction. C is incorrect because ovulation induction actually increases the chances of conception. D is incorrect as risks can also occur with oral medications, not just injectables.
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What is the purpose of embryo freezing in fertility treatments?
- A. To eliminate the need for future egg retrieval cycles.
- B. To store embryos for future use, preserving fertility options.
- C. To improve the genetic quality of embryos before transfer.
- D. To avoid the use of hormonal treatments during IVF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Embryo freezing in fertility treatments allows for the storage of embryos for future use, preserving fertility options. This is important in case the initial IVF cycle is unsuccessful or if the individual wants to have more children later on. Freezing embryos also enables individuals to avoid repeated egg retrieval cycles, saving time, cost, and potential risks associated with the procedure. Additionally, it allows for the preservation of younger and healthier embryos, optimizing the chances of successful pregnancy in the future. The other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the primary purpose of embryo freezing in fertility treatments, which is to provide individuals with the option to use stored embryos in the future.
The genetic counselor informs a couple that they have a 25% probability of getting pregnant with a child with a severe genetic disease. The couple asks the nurse exactly what that means. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Their first child will have the genetic disease.
- B. If they have four children
- C. one of the children will have the disease.
- D. Their fourth child will have the genetic disease.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 25% probability applies independently to each pregnancy.
A nurse is providing care to a client in labor. A pelvic exam reveals a vertex presentation with the presenting part tilted toward the left side of the mother's pelvis and directed toward the anterior portion of the pelvis. When developing this client's plan of care, which intervention would the nurse include?
- A. implementing measures for a vaginal birth
- B. preparing the client for a cesarean birth
- C. assisting with artificial rupture of the membranes
- D. instituting continuous internal fetal monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fetal presentation and position is left occiput anterior position or LOA, which is the most common and most favorable fetal position for birth. LOA along with right occiput anterior position are optimal positions for vaginal birth. Therefore the nurse should implement measures for a vaginal birth. This fetal presentation is not an indication for cesarean birth. Nor is there need for artificially rupturing the membranes. Continuous internal fetal monitoring would be warranted if the woman or fetus was considered to be high risk.
A nurse is teaching a couple about the benefits of IVF. Which statement is accurate?
- A. IVF has a 100% success rate for all couples.
- B. IVF allows for genetic testing of embryos before transfer.
- C. IVF eliminates the need for hormonal injections.
- D. IVF can be performed without any fertility medications.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because IVF allows for genetic testing of embryos before transfer, enabling couples to screen for genetic disorders and select healthy embryos. This statement is accurate as genetic testing is a crucial benefit of IVF. The other choices are incorrect because: A is incorrect as IVF success rates vary and are not 100%; C is incorrect as hormonal injections are often necessary in IVF to stimulate egg production; D is incorrect as fertility medications are commonly used to prepare the body for IVF procedures.
What is the purpose of tracking cervical mucus changes during the menstrual cycle?
- A. To identify signs of infection.
- B. To monitor hormone levels.
- C. To predict ovulation.
- D. To determine the luteal phase length.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The purpose of tracking cervical mucus changes during the menstrual cycle is to predict ovulation. Cervical mucus consistency changes throughout the cycle, becoming clear and stretchy around ovulation. This method helps determine the most fertile days for conception. Monitoring hormone levels (B) requires blood tests. Identifying signs of infection (A) involves different symptoms. Determining luteal phase length (D) usually requires tracking basal body temperature.