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A couple undergoing fertility treatments asks about lifestyle modifications to improve success rates. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Avoid all forms of exercise to conserve energy.
- B. Maintain a healthy weight and reduce alcohol and caffeine intake.
- C. Consume a high-protein diet regardless of current health status.
- D. Focus solely on the male partner's health.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because maintaining a healthy weight and reducing alcohol and caffeine intake can positively impact fertility treatment success rates. Excessive weight, alcohol, and caffeine consumption can negatively affect fertility. Avoiding exercise entirely (choice A) can lead to decreased overall health. Consuming a high-protein diet (choice C) may not be suitable for everyone and may not directly impact fertility. Focusing only on the male partner's health (choice D) neglects the importance of both partners' health in fertility outcomes.
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What is the significance of progesterone supplementation in fertility treatments?
- A. It triggers ovulation during the treatment cycle.
- B. It maintains the uterine lining to support implantation and early pregnancy.
- C. It reduces hormonal fluctuations in male partners.
- D. It eliminates the need for ovarian stimulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because progesterone supplementation helps maintain the uterine lining, which is crucial for implantation and early pregnancy success. Progesterone prepares the endometrium for embryo implantation by thickening the uterine lining and promoting blood flow. This ensures a supportive environment for the developing embryo. The other choices are incorrect as progesterone does not directly trigger ovulation (A), reduce hormonal fluctuations in male partners (C), or eliminate the need for ovarian stimulation (D) in fertility treatments.
A nurse is instructing a couple on timed intercourse to optimize fertility. What advice should the nurse give?
- A. Have intercourse daily throughout the menstrual cycle.
- B. Focus on the fertile window around ovulation.
- C. Avoid intercourse for a week before ovulation.
- D. Only have intercourse after confirming ovulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because focusing on the fertile window around ovulation maximizes the chances of conception. Ovulation is the most fertile time, so timing intercourse during this period increases the likelihood of pregnancy. Having intercourse daily throughout the menstrual cycle (A) may not be necessary and could lead to fatigue. Avoiding intercourse for a week before ovulation (C) decreases the chances of conception as sperm can survive up to 5 days in the female reproductive tract. Only having intercourse after confirming ovulation (D) may miss the optimal window for conception.
Large amounts of leukocytes in the seminal fluid suggest a clinical finding of
- A. inadequate fructose.
- B. inflammation of the testes.
- C. an infection of the genital tract.
- D. an obstruction in the vas deferens.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Large amounts of leukocytes in seminal fluid indicate an infection of the genital tract. Leukocytes are white blood cells that are typically present in response to an infection. In this context, their presence suggests an ongoing inflammatory response to combat the infection. This finding is consistent with an infection in the genital tract, which could be caused by various pathogens. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer.
Choice A (inadequate fructose) is incorrect because leukocytes are not directly related to fructose levels in the seminal fluid. Choice B (inflammation of the testes) is incorrect as the presence of leukocytes in seminal fluid does not necessarily indicate testicular inflammation. Choice D (obstruction in the vas deferens) is also incorrect as leukocytes are not typically associated with vas deferens obstruction.
A patient is being interviewed by the nurse. During the family history assessment, the patient reports having had relatives with cancer. Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. Complete a pedigree, noting the types of cancer and which relatives were affected.
- B. Ask whether the cancer was in male or female relatives.
- C. Determine whether the cancer reported in the family history is pertinent to the patient's personal medical history.
- D. Schedule a consult with a genetic counselor to further assess the patient's risk.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Completing a pedigree allows for a visual representation of the family's health history.
2. Noting the types of cancer and affected relatives helps identify patterns and potential genetic risks.
3. This response demonstrates a proactive approach to understanding the patient's genetic predispositions.
Summary of other choices:
B: Asking about the gender of affected relatives does not provide as much detailed information about the types of cancer or specific family members affected.
C: Determining relevance to personal history is important, but a pedigree provides a broader picture for risk assessment.
D: Referring to a genetic counselor may be necessary but completing a pedigree first helps gather essential information for a more informed consultation.
A woman who is undergoing infertility testing states, "My husband won't discuss this with me. I don't think he cares about or wants a baby." The nurse's ideal response is
- A. "You should confront him about this."
- B. "He probably doesn't understand your concern."
- C. "Men are sometimes less eager to have children."
- D. "It may be harder for him to express his feelings."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it acknowledges the husband's potential difficulty in expressing his feelings, validating the woman's concerns while also offering empathy. It is important to recognize that discussing infertility can be emotionally challenging for both partners, and the response shows understanding and support.
Choice A is incorrect as it suggests confrontation, which may escalate the situation and lead to further communication breakdown. Choice B implies a lack of understanding on the husband's part, which may not be the case. Choice C is a generalization and may not address the specific dynamics of this couple's situation.