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A patient who has just received confirmation that she is pregnant is distressed because she has a seizure disorder that she manages with carbamazepine. Which is the nurse’s greatest concern?
- A. The carbamazepine may be discontinued.
- B. The pregnancy is likely to end with fetal demise.
- C. The fetus will experience loss of vision and hearing.
- D. Carbamazepine is teratogenic and causes neural and facial defects.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a teratogenic drug that poses risks of neural tube defects and craniofacial abnormalities, making this the greatest concern.
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Choose appropriate client teaching related to maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) analysis.
- A. Abnormal MSAFP levels should be followed by more specific tests.
- B. High MSAFP levels are usually associated with chromosome abnormalities.
- C. Having MSAFP testing eliminates the need to perform an ultrasound examination.
- D. The initial MSAFP testing will be performed at 12 weeks of gestation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abnormal MSAFP levels require further investigation with more specific tests.
Some of the embryo’s intestines remain within the umbilical cord during the embryonic period because the
- A. intestines need this time to grow until week
- B. nutrient content of the blood is higher in this location.
- C. abdomen is too small to contain all the organs while they are developing.
- D. umbilical cord is much larger at this time than it will be at the end of pregnancy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During early development of the fetus, the umbilical cord is relatively larger compared to later stages of pregnancy. This is because the umbilical cord plays a crucial role in providing necessary nutrients, oxygen, and removing waste products from the developing baby. As the pregnancy progresses, the blood vessels in the umbilical cord mature and shrink in diameter, leading to a decrease in its overall size compared to the early stages. The larger size of the umbilical cord in early pregnancy facilitates efficient nutrient exchange between the mother and the developing fetus, supporting the baby's growth and development.
The ___ is/are responsible for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport to and from the maternal bloodstream.
- A. Decidua basalis.
- B. Blastocyst.
- C. Germ layer.
- D. Chorionic villi.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chorionic villi obtain oxygen and nutrients from the maternal bloodstream and dispose of carbon dioxide and waste products into the maternal blood.
The nurse is providing patient education regarding lower back discomfort during pregnancy. Identify the relief measure the nurse would discuss with the pregnant person.
- A. pelvic tilt exercise
- B. sit in a hot tub
- C. sleep on a soft mattress
- D. wear a girdle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pelvic tilt exercises help relieve lower back pain during pregnancy. Hot tubs, soft mattresses, and girdles are not recommended remedies.
Reva Rubin identified several maternal tasks the pregnant person undertakes during pregnancy. What actions by the pregnant person are included in these tasks? Select 4 that apply.
- A. develops attachment to the fetus
- B. schedules a childbirth class
- C. encourages the partner’s attachment to the fetus
- D. acknowledges the fetus as a separate person
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal tasks include developing attachment, acknowledging the fetus, and placing the fetus's needs above their own.