Nokea
A patient who has tuberculosis asks the nurse why three drugs are used to treat this disease. The nurse will explain that multi-drug therapy is used to reduce
- A. disease relapse
- B. drug hypersensitivity reactions
- C. drug resistance
- D. drug adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multi-drug therapy prevents TB resistance; it doesn't directly reduce relapse , hypersensitivity , or side effects . Without multi-drug therapy, patients easily develop resistance to antitubercular drugs.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the interaction of pheno barbiton and warfarin
- A. Displacement of warfarin from binding site
- B. Decreased absorption of warfarin
- C. Increased metabolism of warfarin
- D. Decreased metabolism of warfarin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenobarbitone induces liver enzymes, increasing warfarin metabolism.
Which of the following antidiabetic agents acts on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) nuclear receptor?
- A. acarbose
- B. glyburide
- C. insulin lispro
- D. pioglitazone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that activates PPAR-gamma, enhancing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
Drug of choice in phenothiazine induced parkinsonism is
- A. Levodopa
- B. Haloperidol
- C. Metoclopramide
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Levodopa counters phenothiazine-induced parkinsonism.
A nurse has been administering a drug to a patient intramuscularly (IM). The physician discontinued the IM dose and wrote an order for the drug to be given orally. The nurse notices that the oral dosage is considerably higher than the parenteral dose and understands that this is due to:
- A. Passive diffusion
- B. Active transport
- C. Glomerular filtration
- D. First-pass effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first-pass effect involves drugs that are absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system, which delivers the drug molecules to the liver. Once in the liver, enzymes break the drug into metabolites, which may become active or may be deactivated and readily excreted from the body. A large percentage of the oral dose is usually destroyed and never reaches tissues. Oral dosages account for the phenomenon to ensure an appropriate amount of the drug in the body to produce a therapeutic action. Passive diffusion is the major process through which drugs are absorbed into the body. Active transport is a process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma into the renal tubule.
Success rates for smoking cessation using NRT:
- A. Are about the same regardless of the method chosen
- B. Vary from 40% to 50% at 12 months
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Success rates are similar across NRT methods (e.g., gum, patch), typically 20-25% at 12 months.