Nokea
A patient with a fractured right hip has an anterior open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. What should the nurse plan to do postoperatively?
- A. Get the patient up to the chair on the first postoperative day.
- B. Position the patient only on the back and the unoperative side.
- C. Keep the leg abductor pillow on the patient even when bathing.
- D. Ambulate the patient with partial weight bearing by discharge.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using an abductor pillow maintains proper alignment.
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Mr. Singer will be taking aspirin and prednisone for his rheumatoid arthritis upon discharge from the hospital. Mr. Singer should be taught to contact his physician immediately if which of the following occurs?
- A. Tarry stools
- B. Ringing in his ears
- C. Warm, swollen joints
- D. Fluid retention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tarry stools indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a potential side effect of aspirin.
In providing care for clients with osteoporosis, the nurse emphasizes the need for a nutritious, well-balanced diet that is high in which of the following?
- A. Calcium
- B. Iron
- C. Zinc
- D. Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium is crucial for maintaining bone health.
A client has had multiple sclerosis (MS) for 15 years and has received various drug therapies. What is the primary reason why the nurse has found it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of the drugs that the client has used?
- A. The client exhibits intolerance to many drugs
- B. The client experiences spontaneous remissions from time to time
- C. The client requires multiple drugs simultaneously
- D. The client endures long periods of exacerbation before the illness responds to a particular drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MS is characterized by periods of relapse and remission, making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapies due to spontaneous improvements.
When assessing a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), which of the following would require immediate action by the healthcare provider?
- A. Fatigue and depression
- B. Paresthesia and tremor
- C. Nystagmus and diplopia
- D. Dysphagia and congested cough
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dysphagia and a congested cough indicate potential aspiration risk, which requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory complications.
Which of the following findings may indicate a problem with the cerebellum?
- A. Unsteady gait and difficulty with fine motor skills.
- B. Clear and coordinated movements.
- C. Normal gait and balance.
- D. Symmetrical muscle strength.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The cerebellum controls coordination and balance. Unsteady gait and difficulty with fine motor skills suggest cerebellar dysfunction. Clear movements, normal gait, and symmetrical strength are normal findings.