Nokea
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: a blood pH of 7.29, a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) level of 49 mm Hg, and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3) level of 25 mEq/L. Which condition would the nurse have in mind when developing the patient's plan of care?
- A. Metabolic acidosis.
- B. Metabolic alkalosis.
- C. Respiratory acidosis.
- D. Respiratory alkalosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by low pH (7.29) and high PaCO2 (49 mm Hg), common in COPD due to impaired CO2 elimination.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which manifestation is related to target organ disease from hypertension? Select all that apply.
- A. Anemia.
- B. Aneurysm.
- C. Proteinuria.
- D. Pneumonia.
- E. Transient ischemic attack.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Aneurysm and proteinuria are manifestations of target organ damage from hypertension, affecting arteries and kidneys, respectively.
A patient with thalassemia major who is receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of hemochromatosis. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?
- A. Methotrexate.
- B. Deferoxamine.
- C. Ferrous gluconate.
- D. Iron dextran complex.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deferoxamine is an iron chelating agent used to treat iron overload conditions like hemochromatosis. It binds to excess iron and promotes its excretion from the body, preventing complications such as organ damage.
The nurse provides education to a patient with thrombocytopenia about precautions to be taken at home. The nurse identifies that further teaching is needed when the patient performs which action?
- A. Drinks 14 glasses of water daily.
- B. Shaves once a day using an electric razor.
- C. Uses an alcohol-based mouthwash twice a day.
- D. Brushes teeth with a soft-bristle toothbrush twice a day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alcohol-based mouthwash can cause mucosal irritation and bleeding, inappropriate for thrombocytopenia, suggesting further education is needed.
Which change occurs first, making patients susceptible to coronary artery disease?
- A. Formation of thrombus in the coronary artery.
- B. Formation of fibrous plaque in the endothelium.
- C. Reduction of blood flow through the coronary arteries.
- D. Development of fatty streaks in the smooth muscles of the endothelium.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Development of fatty streaks in the endothelium is the initial change in atherosclerosis, predisposing patients to coronary artery disease.
The nurse is teaching a patient about the administration of liquid iron supplements. Which response by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?
- A. I will take my iron supplement with a straw.
- B. I will take my iron supplement at bedtime.
- C. I will take my iron supplement along with meals.
- D. I will take my iron supplement along with orange juice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking iron supplements with meals decreases absorption, indicating a need for further teaching; iron should be taken on an empty stomach or with vitamin C.