Nokea
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
- A. constipation
- B. diarrhea
- C. cramps
- D. flatus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diarrhea. A peristaltic rush causes rapid movement of contents through the intestines, leading to decreased absorption time in the colon. This results in excess water in the stool, leading to watery and loose bowel movements, which is characteristic of diarrhea. Constipation (A) is the opposite, with slow movement and difficulty passing stool. Cramps (C) may occur due to increased muscle contractions but are not directly related to water absorption. Flatus (D) is the passage of gas and not related to water absorption in the colon.
You may also like to solve these questions
A male patient who has undergone an anterior-posterior repair is worried about his sexuality. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
- A. Have the patient's sexual partner reassure the patient that he is still desirable.
- B. Reassure the patient that sexual function will return when healing is complete.
- C. Remind the patient that affection can be expressed in ways other than through sexual intercourse.
- D. Explain that physical and emotional factors can affect sexual function but not necessarily the patient's sexuality.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Choice C is correct because it acknowledges the patient's concerns about sexuality post-surgery.
2. Reminding the patient that affection can be expressed in non-sexual ways validates his feelings.
3. It promotes open communication and offers alternative ways to maintain intimacy during the healing process.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A. Involving the sexual partner may add pressure and may not address the patient's personal insecurities.
B. Promising a return to normal sexual function may create false expectations and overlook emotional aspects.
D. Focusing on physical and emotional factors may downplay the patient's specific concerns about his sexuality.
Gastric secretion composed of all of the following Except:
- A. HCL.
- B. IF.
- C. Mucous.
- D. Amylase.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amylase. Gastric secretion does not contain amylase. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and salivary glands to break down carbohydrates. In the stomach, gastric secretions mainly consist of hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion, intrinsic factor (IF) for vitamin B12 absorption, and mucous to protect the stomach lining. Therefore, amylase is not a component of gastric secretion.
Which statement about intestinal 'brakes' and 'accelerators' is FALSE?
- A. Dietary starch is a potent stimulator of small intestinal motility because it causes insulin release from the pancreas
- B. Food in the stomach causes gastrin release, which stimulates acid secretion
- C. Short-chain fatty acids which move from colon to caecum (reflux) promote ileo-caecal motility
- D. The arrival of lipid in the duodenum causes an immediate reduction in motility and a switch from the 'fasting' to the 'feeding' pattern.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because dietary starch does not cause insulin release from the pancreas, but rather stimulates the release of incretin hormones like glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These incretins help regulate blood sugar levels postprandially and do not directly affect intestinal motility.
Incorrect choices:
B: Food in the stomach causing gastrin release is true and stimulates acid secretion.
C: Short-chain fatty acids moving from colon to caecum promoting ileo-caecal motility is true.
D: The arrival of lipid in the duodenum causing a reduction in motility is true.
A tumor producing large amounts of the intestinal hormone GIP may result in:
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Intestinal colic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperglycemia. GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) is released in response to food intake to stimulate insulin release and inhibit glucagon secretion, leading to reduced blood glucose levels. Excessive GIP production from a tumor can result in excessive insulin release, causing hypoglycemia. This is why the correct answer is hyperglycemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the physiological effects of GIP.
Which of the following is a common risk factor for gallstones?
- A. High-fat diet
- B. Advanced age
- C. Gender (female)
- D. Family history of gallbladder disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gender (female). Women have a higher risk of developing gallstones due to hormonal factors, such as estrogen increasing cholesterol levels in bile. This imbalance can lead to gallstone formation. Advanced age (B) is a risk factor but not as common as gender. While a high-fat diet (A) can contribute to gallstone formation, it is not a primary risk factor. Family history (D) can increase the likelihood of gallstones, but it is not as common as being female.