Nokea
A positive Plantar reflex in an adult is:
- A. Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning of all toes
- B. Plantar flexion of the big toe with a fanning of all toes
- C. The expected response in a health adult
- D. Withdrawl of the stimulated extremity from the stimulus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A positive Babinski sign (Plantar reflex) in adults is abnormal and indicates upper motor neuron dysfunction. It is characterized by dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning of the other toes. In healthy adults, the normal response is plantar flexion of the toes.
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During treatment of the patient with an acute attack of gout, the nurse would expect to administer which drug?
- A. Aspirin
- B. Colchicine
- C. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
- D. Probenecid (Benemid)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine treats acute gout attacks.
To assess a patient's ability to follow commands, the nurse should:
- A. Ask the patient to perform simple tasks, such as closing their eyes or squeezing their hand.
- B. Measure the patient's body temperature.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin for abnormalities.
- D. Check the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Following commands is assessed by asking the patient to perform simple tasks. Body temperature, skin inspection, and respiratory rate are unrelated to this assessment.
Radicular pain that radiates down the buttock and below the knee, along the distribution of the sciatic nerve, generally indicates what?
- A. Cervical disc herniation
- B. Acute lumbosacral strain
- C. Degenerative disc disease
- D. Herniated intervertebral disc
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sciatica is caused by nerve root compression from a herniated disc.
An alternative approach to dealing with attention deficits is not to try and improve attention itself, but to provide the client with some compensatory skills that will allow them to effectively manage their slowed information processing. This is knwn as:
- A. Information processing management (IPM).
- B. Time pressure management (TPM).
- C. Compensatory time management.
- D. Productive processing management (PPM).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Time Pressure Management (TPM) is a therapeutic approach designed to help individuals with attention deficits manage their slowed information processing. Instead of focusing on improving attention directly, TPM teaches compensatory strategies, such as breaking tasks into smaller steps, prioritizing activities, and using external aids like timers or reminders. This approach helps individuals adapt to their cognitive limitations and improve their ability to complete tasks efficiently.
The following may cause an elevated blood urea:
- A. renal disease
- B. steroid therapy
- C. dehydration
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated blood urea can result from renal disease, steroid therapy, or dehydration due to reduced renal perfusion or increased protein catabolism.