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A scientist needs 12 mL of a solution. They have a bottle with 0.12L in it. Do they have enough?
- A. Yes, they have exactly what they need
- B. Yes, they have more than what they need
- C. No, they do not have enough
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To accurately compare the quantities, it is important to convert both to the same unit. As 1L is equal to 1000 mL, the bottle contains 120 mL (0.12L x 1000 mL/L). Since the scientist only needs 12 mL, it is evident that they have more than enough solution in the bottle, making choice B the correct answer.
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How does the concentration of solutes in a hypertonic solution compare to the cell's?
- A. Same as
- B. Lower than
- C. Higher than
- D. Negative
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes is higher compared to the cell's interior. This causes water to move out of the cell to balance the solute concentrations, resulting in the cell shrinking. Therefore, the correct answer is that the solute concentration is higher in a hypertonic solution than inside the cell.
Which option demonstrates complementary base pairing in DNA?
- A. A and G
- B. A and C
- C. A and A
- D. A and T
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This is known as complementary base pairing. Adenine always pairs with thymine via two hydrogen bonds, forming a strong bond essential for DNA structure and replication. Therefore, the correct option that demonstrates complementary base pairing in DNA is A and T (D). This pairing is crucial during DNA replication and ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information.
Tonicity refers to the movement of:
- A. Water
- B. Solute
- C. Cells
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tonicity is a term used to describe the relative concentration of solutes inside and outside of a cell. When a solution is hypertonic, it has a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell. When a solution is hypotonic, it has a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell. Therefore, tonicity primarily affects the movement of water across a cell membrane.
Which of the following is true of the Krebs cycle?
- A. It is a redox reaction involving proteins produced during glycolysis
- B. It is a redox reaction involving sugars produced during glycolysis
- C. Protons are passed along a gradient to produce ATP
- D. It is also known as the glycolic acid cycle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from sugars produced during glycolysis. It is not primarily a reaction involving proteins or protons being passed along gradients to produce ATP. The cycle is distinct from the glycolic acid cycle, which is a separate metabolic pathway. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
On what part of a light microscope is the slide placed?
- A. Base.
- B. Arm.
- C. stage
- D. Lens.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: