Nokea
According to guideline recommended by WHO for quality of water E coli in distribution system per 100 ml of water is
- B. 50
- C. 100
- D. 5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: WHO guidelines specify that no E. coli should be present in drinking water.
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Which of the following opportunistic fungal infection is seen in AIDS?
- A. candida
- B. Cryptococcus
- C. coccidioides
- D. all of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All these fungal infections are commonly seen in immunocompromised individuals, including those with AIDS.
Which of the following is not a method to control for the effects of confounding?
- A. Randomization
- B. Stratification
- C. Matching
- D. Blinding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blinding primarily reduces information bias, not confounding. Methods like randomization, stratification, and matching are specifically used to address confounding.
Should the case definition for surveillance match the clinical case definition?
- A. True.
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surveillance and clinical case definitions may differ because they serve different purposes; clinical definitions focus on treatment, while surveillance definitions optimize detection.
Net reproduction rate (NRR=1) implies a couple protection rate (CPR) of
- A. 50
- B. 60
- C. 70
- D. 80
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An NRR of 1 indicates replacement-level fertility, which corresponds to a CPR of approximately 50% in most populations.
In any programme target refers to:
- A. set of activities
- B. objective of programme
- C. degree of achievement
- D. evaluation to be done
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Targets in programs refer to the degree or level of achievement expected.