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According to the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study of dietary intake, the group at highest risk for inadequate calcium intake was:
- A. The elderly (over age 60 years)
- B. Teenage females
- C. Teenage males
- D. Preschoolers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teenage females are at high risk for inadequate calcium intake due to dietary habits and growth demands.
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When providing drug therapy to a patient what is a responsibility of the nurse?
- A. Teaching the patient how to cope with the effects of the drug to ensure the best outcome
- B. Helping the patient analyze the physiological and pathological effects of drugs
- C. Warning the patient how most patients respond to the drug therapy
- D. Encouraging the patient to increase or decrease dosages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teaching patients how to manage drug effects promotes adherence and optimal outcomes, aligning with the nurse's educational role in drug therapy.
Your patient calls for an appointment before going on vacation. Which medication should you ensure he has an adequate supply of before leaving to avoid life-threatening complications?
- A. Carvedilol
- B. Donepezil
- C. Bethanechol
- D. Tacrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abrupt carvedilol withdrawal can cause life-threatening rebound hypertension or ischemia.
Decision support systems often provide medication alerts that tell the prescriber:
- A. Patient history data with a summary of their diagnoses
- B. The usual dosage for the drug being prescribed
- C. The patient's latest laboratory values, such as potassium levels
- D. Potential drug-to-drug interactions with other medications the patient is taking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decision support systems primarily alert prescribers to drug-drug interactions.
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in children and infants? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Slower gastric emptying
- B. Greater surface area
- C. Less protein binding
- D. Decreased body water content
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and immature hepatic and renal function.
Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include:
- A. Therapeutic index
- B. Minimum effective concentration
- C. Bioavailability
- D. Ease of titration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bioavailability directly impacts how much drug reaches circulation, a key pharmacokinetic factor, unlike therapeutic index or titration ease .