Nokea
An adult has a history of physical violence against family when frustrated, followed by periods of remorse after each outburst. Which finding indicates a successful plan of care? The adult:
- A. expresses frustration verbally instead of physically.
- B. explains the rationale for behaviors to the victim.
- C. identifies three personal strengths.
- D. agrees to seek counseling.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient will have developed a healthier way of coping with frustration if it is expressed verbally instead of physically. The incorrect options do not confirm achievement of outcomes.
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Crises occur when an individual:
- A. Is exposed to a precipitating stressor
- B. Perceives a stressor to be threatening
- C. Has no support systems
- D. Experiences a stressor and perceives coping strategies to be ineffective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because crises arise when an individual experiences a stressor and perceives their coping strategies to be ineffective. This is supported by the fact that crises involve a sense of overwhelm and inability to manage the situation effectively. Choices A and B focus on the presence and perception of stressors, but without considering the effectiveness of coping strategies. Choice C, lack of support systems, is not the defining factor in determining a crisis; it is the individual's perception of their ability to cope that leads to a crisis. Therefore, D is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the individual's ability to handle the stressor effectively.
The primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the:
- A. Type of loss that the event causes.
- B. Nature of the stress caused by the event.
- C. Ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies.
- D. Preexistence of a stress-related mental illness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies. When an event overwhelms an individual's ability to cope with it using their usual strategies, it can lead to a crisis. Choice A is incorrect because the type of loss alone does not determine if an event is a crisis. Choice B is incorrect as the nature of stress is subjective and can vary among individuals. Choice D is incorrect because the preexistence of a stress-related mental illness is not necessarily a prerequisite for an event to be considered a crisis.
Which of the following is most likely to improve a patient's adherence to taking medications?
- A. Providing free samples in the office
- B. Creating a system of punishments for nonadherent patients
- C. Discussing alternative therapies with patients
- D. Having continuity of care during office visits
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Continuity of care builds trust and consistency, key to improving adherence.
The problems of neglectful or level 1 families tend to be temporary, not long term
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level 1 family issues, like neglect, are often chronic due to systemic and structural factors.
The theorist who believes in developmental stages is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erik Erikson's eight psychosocial stages outline development across the lifespan.