Nokea
An older female client experiences a musculoskeletal injury to her hip. Which of the following methods would help a nurse identify any swelling in the client?
- A. Asking questions of the client to assess the severity of pain
- B. Palpating the muscles and joints
- C. Asking the client to move the injured area as much as possible
- D. Observing the client for any involuntary movements
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Palpation is a direct method to assess swelling and other physical changes.
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What is a disadvantage of open reduction and internal fixation of a fracture compared to closed reduction?
- A. Infection
- B. Skin irritation
- C. Nerve impairment
- D. Complications of immobility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Open reduction involves surgery, which increases the risk of infection.
The production of incoherent, jumbled speech is known as
- A. Nonfluent aphasia
- B. Disruptive aphasia
- C. Fluent aphasia
- D. Anomic aphasia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluent aphasia, also known as Wernicke's aphasia, is characterized by the production of speech that is grammatically correct but often nonsensical or incoherent. Individuals with this condition may speak in long, complex sentences that lack meaning or include made-up words. This occurs due to damage in Wernicke's area, a region in the brain responsible for language comprehension and the formation of meaningful speech.
After a demonstration of isometric (muscle-setting) exercises, which of the following comments by the patient tells you he has understood how to do the exercises?
- A. I pull on the traction rope to release the tension for 5 seconds and release.
- B. I draw the kneecap toward the thigh, hold for 5 seconds and relax.
- C. I lift myself up off the bed for 5 seconds by using the trapeze and relax.
- D. I turn to my right side, hold for 5 seconds and relax.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isometric exercises involve contracting muscles without movement; drawing the kneecap demonstrates correct technique.
Which of the following is not a typical clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
- A. Double vision
- B. Sudden bursts of energy
- C. Weakness in the extremities
- D. Muscle tremors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sudden bursts of energy are not associated with MS. Fatigue, weakness, and muscle tremors are common symptoms.
Referred pain from pancreatitis is at what level?
- A. T7/8
- B. L1/2
- C. T3/4
- D. T12/L1
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referred pain from pancreatitis is typically felt at the T7-T8 dermatome, which corresponds to the epigastric region. This is due to shared spinal cord segments between the pancreas and the abdominal wall.