Nokea
As the nurse in an ambulatory care area, you see a new client enter with a cane that appears too short for the client. What should you do?
- A. Place the client in a wheelchair to protect their safety in the clinic.
- B. Remove the cane from the client to protect their safety.
- C. Teach the client about the proper length of a cane.
- D. Have the client use a wheelchair rather than the cane.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Teaching (C) addresses the issue directly and safely.
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A member of a group verbally lashes out at the nurse leading the discussion on assuming responsibility for behaviors. When the individual states, 'I was abused as a child by my father; you can't make me take responsibility for all the problems he created for me,' the nurse replies:
- A. Can we talk about when your father started abusing you?'
- B. This is a safe place to express your anger about the abuse and about your father.'
- C. May I suggest we end the session today so you don't direct your anger toward me?'
- D. I sense that you have unresolved issues with your father but we need to work on your anger.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it acknowledges the individual's feelings of anger and provides a safe space for expression. By validating their emotions and offering support, the nurse can help the individual process their past trauma. Choice A focuses solely on the abuse timeline and may not address the immediate emotional need. Choice C avoids the issue and may not help the individual address their feelings constructively. Choice D acknowledges the unresolved issues but doesn't actively support the individual in expressing their emotions. In summary, choice B is the most appropriate as it validates the individual's feelings and offers a safe environment for emotional expression.
The nurse notes that a patient with AIDS is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). For which opportunistic infection should the nurse realize that is this medication indicated?
- A. Tuberculosis
- B. Cytomegalovirus retinitis
- C. Mycobacterium avium complex
- D. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, a common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. This medication combination is effective in preventing this specific infection due to its spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Pneumocystis jiroveci. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is not primarily indicated for tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus retinitis, or Mycobacterium avium complex.
What class of pharmaceuticals enhances GABA to calm the brain, producing an inhibitory response?
- A. Benzodiazepines
- B. I can discontinue this medication immediately when I stop feeling depressed
- C. Imipramine (Tofranil)
- D. Palpitations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines enhance GABA activity, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, leading to a calming effect. This class of drugs is commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: This choice is incorrect because it refers to discontinuing medication when not feeling depressed, which is unrelated to enhancing GABA activity.
C: Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that works by affecting serotonin and norepinephrine levels, not GABA.
D: Palpitations are a symptom of anxiety or cardiac issues, not related to enhancing GABA activity.
Establishing is the first step to make plans for any program.
- A. Goals
- B. Objectives
- C. Aims
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Goals provide the broad direction for any program, serving as the foundational step in planning.
The child's ability to classify objects develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Classification, grouping objects by properties, emerges in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).