Nokea
When a patient requires long-term care, which of the following issues must be addressed by the family and the health care providers?
- A. How the family expects to manage the patient's finances
- B. How the patient and family feel about nursing homes
- C. Which nursing home has doctors or nurses with the same cultural background
- D. Which family member will tell the patient that he/she cannot return home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Attitudes toward nursing homes are critical in planning long-term care.
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Dr. Maki questioned a group of 9th graders about their career aspirations. This is an example of $a(n)$:
- A. experiment
- B. survey
- C. case study
- D. manipulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Questioning a group about aspirations is a survey, collecting self-reported data.
In the emergency department, a patient’s vital signs are: blood pressure (BP), 66/40 mm Hg; pulse (P), 140 beats per minute (bpm); and respirations (R), 8 breaths per minute and shallow. The patient overdosed on illegally obtained hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Select the priority outcome.
- A. Within 8 hours, vital signs will stabilize as evidenced by BP greater than 90/60 mm Hg, P less than 100 bpm, and respirations at or above 12 breaths per minute.
- B. The patient will be able to describe a plan for home care and achieve a drug-free state before being released from the emergency department.
- C. The patient will attend daily meetings of Narcotics Anonymous within 1 week of beginning treatment.
- D. The patient will identify two community resources for the treatment of substance abuse by discharge.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because stabilizing the patient's vital signs is the top priority in this critical situation. A blood pressure of 66/40 mm Hg indicates severe hypotension, which can lead to organ failure. A pulse of 140 bpm and shallow respirations of 8 bpm indicate poor perfusion and respiratory distress. Achieving a BP greater than 90/60 mm Hg, P less than 100 bpm, and respirations at or above 12 bpm indicates improved perfusion and oxygenation, which are crucial for the patient's survival.
Option B is incorrect as achieving a drug-free state is not the immediate priority in an overdose situation. Option C is incorrect as attending Narcotics Anonymous meetings is important for long-term recovery but not the immediate priority. Option D is incorrect as identifying community resources for substance abuse treatment is important but not as critical as stabilizing the vital signs in an overdose situation.
Which levels of families can require case management services?
- A. Level 1 & 2
- B. Level 3
- C. All levels
- D. Level 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: All levels may need case management depending on their specific challenges.
Which of the following statements is true about the nature of acculturation?
- A. High levels lead to better health
- B. Lower levels lead to better health
- C. Differing patterns within families may lead to intergenerational conflict
- D. Levels are influenced mostly by length of time in the U.S.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Differing acculturation within families often causes conflict, affecting health dynamics.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on the rising incidence of HIV in adults over the age of 50 with a group of senior community members. Which factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Older adults are less likely to use condoms than younger at-risk adults.
- B. At-risk individuals over the age of 50 are less likely to be tested for HIV.
- C. Society continues to age with larger numbers of people entering this age group.
- D. A decline in the function of the immune system increases the risk of HIV infection.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Older adults are less likely to use condoms due to factors such as decreased perception of risk and lack of awareness.
Step 2: This places them at higher risk for HIV transmission.
Step 3: Reinforcing education on condom use can help prevent HIV transmission in this age group.
Step 4: Therefore, choice A is correct.
Summary: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the specific risk factors for HIV transmission in adults over 50. Choice B focuses on testing, while choices C and D mention general population trends and immune system function, which are not directly related to the increased HIV incidence in this age group.