Nokea
Beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonists:
- A. Relieve bronchospasms
- B. Potentiates hypertensive
- C. Catecholamine inhibits the reception
- D. Have porasympathominetic action on bronchi
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-2 adrenergic agonists, like salbutamol, relieve bronchospasms by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, making them key in asthma and COPD management.
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Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases would most likely be associated with :
- A. Neurologic diseases
- B. Endocrine diseases
- C. Cancers
- D. Metabolic abnormalities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Receptor tyrosine kinases are often linked to uncontrolled cell growth when mutated, commonly associated with cancers.
The nursing students are learning about the half-life of drugs. A student asks the instructor to explain half-life. What is the instructor's best response?
- A. Half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to half of the peak level it previously achieved.
- B. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for the drug to be metabolized by the body.
- C. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the drug to reach peak level in the body.
- D. Half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the drug to reach half its potential peak level in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to half the peak level it previously achieved. Therefore Options B, C, and D are not correct.
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands.
While caring for a patient scheduled for knee replacement surgery, the nurse provides cefazolin (Ancef) as ordered 30 minutes pre-operatively. The nurse knows that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
- A. The antibiotic is given as a prophylactic to help reduce the risk of infection after surgery.'
- B. This is a palliative medication to help ease the pain from surgery.'
- C. This medication will replace vitamins and minerals that may be lost due to bleeding during surgery.'
- D. This medication will help the surgeon identify areas of bone destruction due to arthritis.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cefazolin is administered pre-operatively as prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections, aligning with standard practice and effective patient understanding.
When assessing a patient prior to starting a drug regimen it is often necessary to have a baseline kidney function study done. What might kidney impairment indicate in relation to drug therapy?
- A. Pharmacodynamics stable at the therapeutic dose
- B. Contraindication to the use of a drug
- C. Increased dosage of a drug
- D. Decreased adverse effects of a drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kidney impairment may contraindicate certain drugs due to reduced clearance, risking toxicity.