Nokea
Beta-blockers decrease nocturnal melatonin release, thereby contributing to sleep disturbances.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-blockers, especially lipophilic ones, reduce melatonin release, potentially causing sleep disturbances.
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The following class of drugs may be used to treat Parkinsonian syndrome arising from the use of phenothiazines:
- A. Nicotinic receptor antagonists
- B. Muscarinic receptor antagonists
- C. Adrenoceptor antagonists
- D. Anticholinesterases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antimuscarinics (e.g., benztropine) relieve parkinsonism from phenothiazines.
The nurse uses what term to describe the drug level required to have a therapeutic effect?
- A. Critical concentration
- B. Dynamic equilibrium
- C. Selective toxicity
- D. Active transport
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A critical concentration of a drug must be present before a reaction occurs within the cells to bring about the desired therapeutic effect. A dynamic equilibrium is obtained from absorption of a drug from the site of drug entry, distribution to the active site, metabolism in the liver, and excretion from the body to have a critical concentration. Selective toxicity is the ability of a drug to attach only to those systems found in foreign cells. Active transport is the process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney.
Rho immune globulin (RhoGAM) is given to:
- A. Infants born to women who are Rh positive
- B. Sexual partners of Rh-positive women
- C. Rh-negative women after a birth, miscarriage, or abortion
- D. Rh-negative women at 36 weeks gestation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RhoGAM prevents Rh sensitization in Rh-negative women post-delivery; it's not for infants , partners , or late gestation alone.
Genetic testing for VCORC1 mutation to assess potential warfarin resistance is required prior to prescribing warfarin.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VCORC1 testing is recommended but not required before prescribing warfarin; it's optional to guide dosing.
B-Blockers are contra indicated in
- A. Hypertension
- B. Congestive cardiac failure
- C. Anxiety states
- D. Hyperthyroidis m
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers worsen congestive heart failure.