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Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Based on Piaget's stages of cognitive development, at which stage would it be best to teach algebra?
- A. Formal operational
- B. Preoperational
- C. Sensorimotor
- D. Concrete operational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The formal operational stage (12+ years) involves abstract thinking, making it ideal for teaching algebra, which requires symbolic reasoning.
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Fill in the ages and focus for each level of Kohlberg's moral development theory. Postconventional Level: Age
- A. 6-12 years
- B. 12-18 years
- C. 18+ years
- D. Adolescence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kohlberg's postconventional level typically occurs from 18+ years, as individuals develop principled moral reasoning.
Match Kohlberg's stages of moral development with their descriptions. Social rules and legal orientation.
- A. Young adolescent focuses on being good and fair helping others, not just to follow the rules, but to feel good rather about than motives what might be best,
- B. Adult's behavior is motivated by the desire to follow internal values and moral principles,
- C. Child equates doing right equates with no punishment and doing wrong with punishment,
- D. Young adolescent follows laws for the greater good for laws for the greater good and because respect of respect for authority for authority, for laws,
- E. Adult has concern for human rights and dignity; desires impartial interpretation of justice, justice, justice
- F. Child focuses on what is fair rather than what is fair rather than what might be best for the larger group for the larger group.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: In Kohlberg's postconventional level, social contract orientation (stage 5) involves valuing human rights and justice through flexible laws.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Learn to trust others
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: Providing consistent affectionate care supports the trust vs. mistrust stage by fostering trust in caregivers.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Which of the following theorists discussed a value system and the ability to define right and wrong?
- A. James Fowler
- B. Erik Erikson
- C. Jean Piaget
- D. Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg developed a theory of moral development, focusing on how individuals develop a sense of right and wrong through stages of moral reasoning.
Match the following physiological changes that occur in middle age to the clinical manifestation. Decreased production of estrogen.
- A. High blood pressure.
- B. Menopause.
- C. Constipation.
- D. Skin wrinkling.
- E. Decreased sperm production.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased estrogen production in middle age triggers menopause in females, characterized by the cessation of menstrual cycles.