Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Why is it important for nurses to understand growth and developmental stages?
- A. It is helpful in understanding the patient's actions.
- B. It is important background information.
- C. It helps in planning interventions that will result in the best outcomes.
- D. It is important to teach the patient about what developmental stage he or she is in.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Understanding developmental stages helps nurses interpret patient behaviors and tailor interventions to meet developmental needs, improving outcomes.
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Match Kohlberg's stages of moral development with their descriptions. Universal ethical principles.
- A. Young adolescent focuses on being good and helping others, good not and just helping to others, not just to
- B. Adult's behavior is motivated by the desire to follow internal values and moral principles.
- C. Child equates doing right equates with no punishment and doing wrong with punishment or wrong with punishment, punishment
- D. Young adolescent follows laws for the greater good and because of respect for authority for laws for the greater good,
- E. Adult has concern for human rights and dignity and human rights; desires impartial interpretation of justice, justice
- F. Child focuses on what is fair rather than what might be fair rather than what might be best for the larger group for the larger group,
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: In Kohlberg's postconventional level, universal ethical principles (stage 6) involves acting based on universal moral principles, even if they conflict with laws.
Match Kohlberg's stages of moral development with their descriptions. Individualism and relativism.
- A. Young adolescent focuses on being good and helping others, not just focusing to on follow what the rules is but fair to feel good rather about than motives what,
- B. Adult's behavior is motivated by the desire to follow internal values and moral principles.
- C. Child equates doing right with no punishment and doing wrong with punishment.
- D. Young adolescent follows laws for the greater good and because of respect for laws for authority,
- E. Adult has concern for human rights and dignity; desires impartial interpretation of justice,
- F. Child focuses on what is fair rather than what might be best for the larger group.
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: In Kohlberg's preconventional level, individualism and relativism (stage 2) involves children focusing on fairness and personal benefit.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. A 15-year-old boy has been hospitalized. What is an appropriate intervention for this age, according to Erik Erikson?
- A. Encourage the boy's friends to visit
- B. Encourage the parents to assist the boy
- C. Notify the clergy to intervene
- D. Encourage the boy's girlfriend to visit
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage (12-18 years), peer relationships are crucial for developing a sense of self. Encouraging friends to visit supports this developmental need.
Indicate whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F)." Older adults experience a decline in long-term memory as a result of the normal aging process.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: False, Long-term memory is generally preserved in normal aging; short-term memory and processing speed are more affected.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Identity vs. role confusion
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 40 years to 65 years
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage occurs from 12 to 18 years, focusing on developing a personal identity.
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