Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Develop sense of social skills and self-esteem
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recognizing accomplishments supports industry vs. inferiority, fostering social skills and self-esteem.
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Fill in the ages and focus for each level of Kohlberg's moral development theory. Postconventional Level: Focus
- A. Following internal moral principles
- B. Avoiding punishment and seeking personal gain
- C. Maintaining social order
- D. Upholding universal ethics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The focus of Kohlberg's postconventional level is on following internal moral principles and upholding universal ethics, often prioritizing justice and human rights.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. The nurse knows that the infant responds to the environment through taste and touch. Which cognitive development stage is the infant using?
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: According to Piaget, the sensorimotor stage (birth to about 2 years) is when infants learn about the world through sensory experiences like taste and touch.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Trust vs. mistrust
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 40 years to 65 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erikson's trust vs. mistrust stage occurs from birth to 18 months, where infants develop trust through consistent care.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Develop intimate relationships and choose a career
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Avoiding criticism of relationships supports intimacy vs. isolation, aiding in relationship and career development.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. A baby boy is born into a family of five (three siblings and two parents). The family qualifies for food stamps and medical assistance. He has an atrial-septal defect that will be repaired when he is older. His parents are in their late 30s and are very loving and supportive; they do not speak English very well. What factor will have the most influence on the baby's development?
- A. His heart defect
- B. His loving, supportive environment
- C. His family's lack of extra income
- D. His parents' inability to speak English fluently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A loving, supportive environment is critical for psychosocial development (e.g., Erikson's trust vs. mistrust stage) and has the most significant positive impact on the baby's development.
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