Nokea
Chronic bloody diarrhea could be suggestive of:
- A. Irritable bowel syndrome
- B. Crohn’s disease
- C. Hepatitis A
- D. Celiac disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic bloody diarrhea is common in inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease.
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The lymphatic ducts drain into the:
- A. Arterial system
- B. Venous system
- C. Vertebral bodies of the spine
- D. Shoulder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The lymphatic ducts drain into the venous system, specifically at the junction of the subclavian and internal jugular veins.
Ophthalmoscopic examination of a 40-year-old carpenter reveals a triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva across the outer surface of the cornea. This condition is termed:
- A. Corneal arcus
- B. Corneal scar
- C. Pterygium
- D. Cataract
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pterygium is a growth of the conjunctiva over the cornea.
The nurse is assessing an older client who is at risk for falls. Which of the following should be prioritized in the care plan?
- A. Frequent repositioning of the client
- B. Improving the client's strength and balance
- C. Encouraging the client to use a walker at all times
- D. Promoting regular sleep patterns
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Strengthening balance and improving mobility are essential in reducing the risk of falls in older adults.
A common pathological finding in a patient with asthma is:
- A. Necrosis of small airways
- B. Absence of goblet cells
- C. Absence of ciliary regeneration
- D. Hypertrophy of smooth muscle
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma is characterized by smooth muscle hypertrophy, airway remodeling, and inflammation.
A 67-year-old female with a history of congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction is admitted to the hospital because of increasing altered mental status and decreased arousal over the last week. Which one of the following features best distinguishes delirium from depression or dementia?
- A. Irritability
- B. Inattention
- C. Paranoia
- D. Aggressiveness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inattention and waxing and waning of alertness are key features distinguishing delirium from depression or dementia.