Nokea
Describe the significance for epidemiology of the identification of specific agents of disease.
- A. It allows for targeted treatments.
- B. It proves that all diseases are infectious.
- C. It eliminates the need for surveillance.
- D. It focuses solely on chronic diseases.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Identifying specific agents enables effective prevention, control, and treatment strategies.
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First step of epidemic investigation?
- A. Preparing case definition
- B. Mapping the epidemic
- C. Confirmation
- D. Searching for the cases
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first step in investigating an epidemic is to confirm the existence of the outbreak through verification of cases.
In supervision the most appropriate word is
- A. Enforcement
- B. Reinforcement
- C. Suggestion
- D. Inspection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supervision involves providing constructive suggestions and guidance.
Define the following terms: latency
- A. The time between exposure to a hazard and the onset of symptoms.
- B. The strength of a chemical bond.
- C. The period during which a disease is contagious.
- D. The duration of a clinical trial.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Latency refers to the delay between exposure to a harmful agent and the manifestation of health effects.
In Pneumoconiosis all are included except
- A. Asbestosis
- B. Silicosis
- C. Anthracosis
- D. Bagasosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bagasosis is not a type of pneumoconiosis; it is a respiratory condition caused by exposure to sugarcane dust.
Randomization is done in experimental study:
- A. to eliminate selection bias.
- B. to select control
- C. to eliminate confounding bias
- D. all of above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Randomization helps to eliminate selection and confounding biases while selecting controls.