Nokea
Dichorionic-diamniotic twins result from separation of embryonic cells at the:
- A. Four-cell stage
- B. Blastocyst stage
- C. Implantation stage
- D. Trilaminar disc stage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Four-cell stage. Dichorionic-diamniotic twins occur when the embryo splits into two separate embryos very early in development, typically at the four-cell stage. At this stage, each embryo will have its own chorion and amnion, leading to separate placentas and amniotic sacs. Choices B, C, and D occur later in development and do not result in the formation of two separate embryos with their own chorion and amnion, making them incorrect for the scenario of dichorionic-diamniotic twins.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is not a function of the ovary?
- A. It produces estrogen.
- B. It produces ova.
- C. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
- D. All of the above are functions of the ovary.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ovary does not produce FSH; this hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary.
Following delivery, if the fundus feels contracted and in the right position but free flow of bright red blood is evident vaginally, this is likely due to
- A. vaginal or cervical laceration
- B. normal post-delivery lochia
- C. uterine hemorrhage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Uncontrolled vaginal bleeding despite a firm fundus suggests genital tract trauma.
What condition would the nurse suspect in a patient who presents with very painful menstrual cramps that prevent them from working each month?
- A. amenorrhea
- B. dysmenorrhea
- C. premenstrual syndrome
- D. abnormal uterine bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstrual cramps that can be severe enough to interfere with daily activities like work. This condition is common and can be caused by increased prostaglandin levels leading to uterine contractions. Amenorrhea (A) is the absence of menstruation, not painful cramps. Premenstrual syndrome (C) involves a variety of physical and emotional symptoms before menstruation, but not necessarily severe cramps. Abnormal uterine bleeding (D) refers to irregular or excessive bleeding, not specifically related to cramps.
The gender of an infant will be female unless:
- A. Two X chromosomes are received from the mother.
- B. The short arm of the Y chromosome is received from the father.
- C. Conception occurs during the last half of the female reproductive cycle.
- D. The mother's ovary produces testosterone early in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of the Y chromosome, specifically its short arm, triggers male development. Without it, the default development is female.
Failure of closure of the cranial neural pore causes:
- A. Anencephaly
- B. Hydrocephaly
- C. Hydrocephalus
- D. Chiari malformation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The failure of closure of the cranial neural pore leads to anencephaly due to the incomplete development of the brain and skull. This results in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp. Hydrocephaly (B) is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricles, not caused by the cranial neural pore closure. Hydrocephalus (C) is the same as hydrocephaly. Chiari malformation (D) is a condition where brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, unrelated to the cranial neural pore closure.