Nokea
Direct observed treatment (DOT) is the appropriate treatment for patients with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. What is the best approach for physicians to initially take when a patient requires DOT?
- A. Immediately initiate DOT when the patient's diagnosis is confirmed
- B. Ensure the patient understands the diagnosis, the importance of the treatment, and how this will impact his/her life
- C. Alert the patient's family, friends, and coworkers of the elevated risk of tuberculosis infection
- D. Give the patient time to consider whether the DOT is within his/her budget
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Understanding enhances patient buy-in and adherence to the rigorous DOT regimen.
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The ------stage should not be rushed because trust and openness must be developed:
- A. Forming
- B. Storming
- C. Norming
- D. Performing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Norming (Tuckman) requires time to build trust and group norms for cohesion.
Which statement about Respondeat Superior is accurate?
- A. Respondeat Superior does not mean that a nurse cannot be held liable.
- B. Respondeat Superior does not mean that a nurse cannot be held libel.
- C. Respondeat Superior is an ethical principle.
- D. Respondeat Superior is a law.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respondeat Superior holds employers liable but does not absolve employees of liability.
The theorist who believes in reciprocal determinism is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bandura's reciprocal determinism links behavior, person, and environment.
A patient admitted to an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I’m just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and several drinks during the evening.' Which defense mechanism is evident?
- A. Rationalization
- B. Introjection
- C. Projection
- D. Denial
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Denial. The patient's statement reflects denial as they are minimizing their alcohol consumption by categorizing it as normal social drinking. Denial is a defense mechanism where a person refuses to acknowledge a reality or truth to protect themselves from anxiety or discomfort. In this scenario, the patient is not accepting the reality of their excessive drinking habits.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Rationalization - This defense mechanism involves justifying behavior with logical reasoning. The patient is not providing logical reasoning for their drinking habits.
B: Introjection - This defense mechanism involves internalizing external beliefs or values. The patient's statement does not indicate internalizing external beliefs.
C: Projection - This defense mechanism involves attributing one's unacceptable thoughts or emotions to others. The patient is not projecting their drinking habits onto others.
Common Level 2 issues typically include...
- A. Triangles, alliances and boundaries
- B. Marital conflict, alcoholism, or gambling
- C. Inner conflicts, problems with intimacy
- D. Executive capacity issues
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level 2 families typically struggle with relational dynamics such as marital conflict or substance abuse, which disrupt family functioning beyond basic survival needs.