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During fertility counseling, a patient asks about the impact of age on female fertility. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Female fertility remains constant until menopause.
- B. Fertility begins to decline significantly after age 35.
- C. Age only affects fertility if other health issues are present.
- D. Fertility is unaffected by age until the age of 50.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because fertility significantly declines after age 35 due to a decrease in the quantity and quality of eggs. As women age, the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in eggs increases, impacting fertility. Other choices are incorrect because fertility does not remain constant until menopause (A), age affects fertility regardless of other health issues (C), and fertility starts declining well before the age of 50 (D).
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A couple has been told that the male partner, who is healthy, is producing no sperm 'because he has cystic fibrosis.' Which of the following explanations is accurate in relation to this statement?
- A. Since the man is healthy
- B. he could not possibly have cystic fibrosis.
- C. Men with cystic fibrosis often have no epididymis.
- D. The expressivity of cystic fibrosis is variable.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Men with cystic fibrosis frequently have congenital absence of the vas deferens, leading to azoospermia.
A couple who has sought fertility counseling has been told that the man's sperm count is very low. The nurse advises the couple that spermatogenesis is impaired when which of the following occurs?
- A. The testes are overheated.
- B. The vas deferens is ligated.
- C. The prostate gland is enlarged.
- D. The flagella are segmented.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Overheating of the testes impairs spermatogenesis, as sperm production requires a cooler environment.
Which of the following client responses indicates that the nurse's teaching about care following chorionic villus sampling (CVS) has been successful?
- A. If the baby stops moving
- B. the woman should immediately go to the hospital.
- C. The woman should take oral terbutaline every 2 hours for the next day.
- D. If the woman starts to bleed or to contract
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bleeding or contractions after CVS warrant medical attention.
A woman is seeking genetic counseling during her pregnancy. She has a strong family history of diabetes mellitus. She wishes to have an amniocentesis to determine whether she is carrying a baby who will 'develop diabetes.' Which of the following replies would be most appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. Doctors don't do amniocenteses to detect diabetes.
- B. Diabetes cannot be diagnosed by looking at the genes.
- C. Although diabetes does have a genetic component
- D. diet and exercise also determine whether or not someone is diabetic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetes involves genetic and environmental factors.
A nurse is explaining the role of intrauterine insemination (IUI). What should the nurse include?
- A. IUI involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus.
- B. IUI is used to treat structural abnormalities in the uterus.
- C. IUI guarantees fertilization of the egg.
- D. IUI eliminates the need for ovulation tracking.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because intrauterine insemination (IUI) involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus, increasing the chances of fertilization. This method bypasses potential obstacles in the reproductive tract, aiding sperm in reaching the egg. Choice B is incorrect because IUI is not primarily used to treat structural abnormalities in the uterus but rather to facilitate fertilization. Choice C is incorrect as IUI does not guarantee fertilization since other factors can still affect the success of conception. Choice D is incorrect because ovulation tracking is still important in IUI to ensure optimal timing for the procedure.