Nokea
During your visit Mrs. Aster complains of ringing in her ears. In questioning her, which of the following responses would indicate to you that she understands the possible cause?
- A. I have been eating a lot of fruits lately.
- B. I have been taking a vitamin supplement.
- C. I went to a loud jazz concert last night.
- D. I have been taking more aspirin lately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin overdose can cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
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In caring for a client with Parkinson disease, it would be most important to
- A. encourage a low-residue diet
- B. explain the nature and treatment of the disease
- C. restrict fluid intake
- D. provide a walker for ambulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education about the disease helps patients manage their condition effectively.
Why does a nurse position a patient with an above-the-knee amputation with a delayed prosthetic fitting prone several times a day?
- A. To prevent flexion contractures
- B. To assess the posterior skin flap
- C. To reduce edema in the residual limb
- D. To relieve pressure on the incision site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning prevents contractures.
One criterion identified by the American College of Rheumatology for a diagnosis of fibromyalgia is
- A. Fiber atrophy found on muscle biopsy
- B. Elimination of all other causes of musculoskeletal pain
- C. The presence of the manifestations of chronic fatigue syndrome
- D. The elicitation of pain on palpation of at least 11 of 18 identified tender points
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tender points are diagnostic for fibromyalgia.
A 70-year-old patient taking carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg three times a day for PD is experiencing end-of-dose wearing off. The best next step is to:
- A. Add tolcapone.
- B. Consider surgery.
- C. Add trihexyphenidyl.
- D. Increase carbidopa/levodopa to four times daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adding tolcapone, a COMT inhibitor, can help manage wearing-off symptoms by prolonging the effect of levodopa.
What part of a neuron is responsible for receiving information?
- A. axon
- B. terminal bre
- C. dendrite
- D. myelin sheath
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dendrites are the part of a neuron responsible for receiving information from other neurons. They are branched structures that extend from the cell body and contain receptors for neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters bind to these receptors, they generate electrical signals that travel toward the cell body, initiating communication between neurons. Dendrites play a crucial role in integrating incoming signals and determining whether the neuron will fire an action potential.