Nokea
Fill in the blank. The view of a patient's pain that includes mental, social, physical, and spiritual aspects as parts of the integrated whole being is known as
- A. holistic pain
- B. acute pain
- C. chronic pain
- D. nociceptive pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Holistic pain considers the mental, social, physical, and spiritual aspects of a patient's pain as an integrated whole, as described in nursing texts.
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Acetaminophen is a common over-the-counter medication used by most individuals. What is the maximum dose limit for an adult?
- A. Four 250-milligram tablets per 24 hours
- B. Two 500-milligram tablets every 4 hours
- C. 1,000 milligrams every 3 to 4 hours, for a maximum of 8,000 milligrams per 24 hours
- D. 4,000 milligrams per 24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The maximum adult dose of acetaminophen is 4,000 mg per 24 hours to avoid liver toxicity.
Fill in the blank. The pain receptors referred to in Question 13 can be stimulated by two chemicals that are released during injury and damage to tissue. One of those chemicals is
- A. prostaglandins
- B. endorphins
- C. opioids
- D. serotonin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prostaglandins are chemicals released during tissue injury that stimulate nociceptors, contributing to pain sensation.
Which medication would you administer for a patient with decreased level of consciousness and respiratory rate of 8?
- A. Morphine
- B. Narcan
- C. Naproxen
- D. Dilaudid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Narcan (naloxone) is used to reverse opioid overdose, which can cause decreased consciousness and low respiratory rate, as seen in this patient.
Fill in the blank. The second chemical that stimulates the pain receptors in Question 13 is
- A. substance P
- B. histamine
- C. dopamine
- D. norepinephrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Substance P is another chemical released during tissue damage that activates nociceptors, enhancing pain perception.
Fill in the blank. The process by which drugs may be administered, within preset boundaries, by the patient, who controls the frequency and administration of his or her pain medication, is called
- A. patient-controlled analgesia
- B. intravenous analgesia
- C. oral analgesia
- D. topical analgesia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) allows patients to self-administer pain medication within safe, preset limits, giving them control over frequency and dosage.