Nokea
For a patient with Crohn disease, the medical-surgical nurse recommends a diet that is
- A. high in fiber, and low in protein and calories.
- B. high in potassium.
- C. low in potassium.
- D. low in fiber, and high in protein and calories.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-fiber, high-protein diet minimizes irritation and provides necessary nutrients.
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Which is a maladaptive coping mechanism for a client with stress?
- A. Anger
- B. Hardiness
- C. Alcohol
- D. Self mutilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Substance abuse, such as alcohol, is a common maladaptive coping mechanism that can exacerbate stress and lead to further health issues.
Mrs. Smith asks about treatment options for sensorineural deafness. To counsel Mrs. Smith appropriately, the nurse knows that the only type of organically caused deafness that can be effectively treated at this time is
- A. conductive deafness
- B. sensorineural deafness
- C. central deafness
- D. mixed-type deafness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Conductive deafness often responds well to surgical or medical interventions, unlike other types of hearing loss where treatment options are limited.
Joan is apprehensive about undergoing bronchoscopy. You respond by saying
- A. The thought of this procedure seems to be disturbing you. You will be sleeping during this procedure. I will ask your physician to visit you again and answer any questions that you might have regarding the procedure.
- B. Your physician has performed this procedure frequently.
- C. I had it performed 3 years ago and I was fine.
- D. You would not feel a thing. You will be fine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A provides emotional support, reassurance, and an opportunity for further clarification, which is essential in reducing patient anxiety.
A client with acute respiratory failure (ARF) is being cared for by a nurse. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of this condition?
- A. Severe dyspnea
- B. Nausea
- C. Decreased level of consciousness
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nausea. In acute respiratory failure (ARF), the body may compensate by increasing respiratory rate, leading to respiratory alkalosis. This can cause nausea due to the altered pH levels affecting the chemoreceptors in the brain. Severe dyspnea (choice A) is a common symptom of ARF but does not specifically relate to nausea. Decreased level of consciousness (choice C) may indicate severe hypoxemia but is not a direct manifestation of ARF. Headache (choice D) is more commonly associated with conditions like hypoxia, hypercapnia, or respiratory acidosis in ARF.
Which process is defined as the movement of fluid and some dissolved substances through a semipermeable membrane according to pressure differences?
- A. Osmosis
- B. Diffusion
- C. Active Transport
- D. Filtration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Filtration involves the movement of fluid and solutes across a semipermeable membrane due to hydrostatic or osmotic pressure differences.