Nokea
For the patient with hyperthyroidism, what intervention should you delegate to the experienced certified nursing assistant?
- A. Instruct the patient to report palpitations, dyspnea, vertigo, or chest pain.
- B. Check the apical pulse, blood pressure, and temperature every 4 hours.
- C. Draw blood for thyroid-stimulating hormone, T3, and T4 levels.
- D. Explain the side effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) to the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking the apical pulse, blood pressure, and temperature every 4 hours is within the scope of practice for a certified nursing assistant and helps monitor the patient's condition.
You may also like to solve these questions
ADH ________.
- A. increases urine production
- B. promotes dehydration
- C. is produced in the adenohypophysis
- D. is inhibited by alcohol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because alcohol inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. ADH helps regulate water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output. Alcohol impairs this process, leading to increased urine production and dehydration. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because ADH decreases urine production, prevents dehydration, and is produced in the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary), not the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary).
The hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulate the production and secretion of hormones from the:
- A. adrenal cortex
- B. anterior pituitary gland
- C. posterior pituitary gland
- D. thyroid gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: anterior pituitary gland. The hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel to the anterior pituitary gland through the hypophyseal portal system, where they regulate the production and secretion of various hormones. This control mechanism ensures proper hormonal balance in the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the adrenal cortex, posterior pituitary gland, and thyroid gland are not directly regulated by the hypothalamus through releasing and inhibiting hormones.
Which hormone is involved in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood?
- A. parathyroid hormone
- B. aldosterone
- C. calcitonin
- D. thyroid hormone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood by increasing calcium release from bones, enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, and promoting calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. This hormone acts to elevate blood calcium levels when they are low.
B: Aldosterone is a hormone that regulates sodium and potassium levels, not calcium.
C: Calcitonin is involved in lowering blood calcium levels by inhibiting the breakdown of bone tissue, but it is not the primary hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood.
D: Thyroid hormone plays a role in metabolism regulation, growth, and development, but it is not directly involved in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood.
Melatonin is secreted by which gland?
- A. Pineal gland
- B. Thyroid
- C. Thymus
- D. Adrenal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pineal gland. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is primarily secreted by the pineal gland located in the brain. The pineal gland responds to darkness by releasing melatonin, which helps to induce sleep. The other choices, B: Thyroid, C: Thymus, and D: Adrenal, do not secrete melatonin. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, the thymus gland is involved in immune function, and the adrenal glands secrete hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. Therefore, the pineal gland is the correct answer for melatonin secretion.
Hypocalcemic tetany:
- A. causes a flaccid paralysis.
- B. resembles neuromuscular blockade by curare.
- C. may be caused by a deficiency of PTH.
- D. is caused by a deficiency of insulin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Hypocalcemic tetany is associated with low levels of calcium in the blood.
2. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a crucial role in calcium regulation.
3. A deficiency of PTH can lead to decreased calcium levels, causing tetany.
4. Therefore, choice C is correct as hypocalcemic tetany may be caused by a deficiency of PTH.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Hypocalcemic tetany leads to muscle spasms, not flaccid paralysis.
B: Incorrect. Curare blockade affects neuromuscular transmission, not calcium levels.
D: Incorrect. Insulin deficiency is associated with hyperglycemia, not hypocalcemia leading to tetany.