Nokea
Founder of the PNA
- A. Julita Sotejo
- B. Anastacia Giron Tupas
- C. Eufemia Octaviano
- D. Anesia Dionisio
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anastacia Giron-Tupas founded the Philippine Nurses Association in 1922 e.g., advocating licensure elevating Filipino nursing. Sotejo (educator), Octaviano, and Dionisio differ. Her leadership shaped national standards, a key milestone in local nursing's professional history.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse uses the Glasgow Coma Scale to assess a client with a head injury. Which Glasgow Coma Scale score indicates that the client is in a coma?
- A. 6
- B. 9
- C. 12
- D. 15
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 6 (A) indicates coma, defined as ≤8, reflecting minimal responsiveness (eye, verbal, motor). Scores of 9 (B) and 12 (C) suggest moderate injury. 15 (D) is normal. A is correct. Rationale: GCS ≤8 signifies severe brain dysfunction, often requiring intubation, a standard threshold in neurocritical care for coma classification and management.
Which of the following cannot be corrected by dialysis:
- A. Elevated creatinine
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Anaemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dialysis corrects biochemical imbalances in renal failure. Elevated creatinine (choice A) is cleared, reducing toxicity. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is adjusted by potassium removal. Anemia (choice C) persists, as dialysis doesn't replace erythropoietin or red cells, requiring separate treatment. Hypernatremia (choice D) is managed by fluid/sodium balance. C is correct, dialysis limitation. Nurses monitor hemoglobin, administer erythropoietin, and coordinate care, addressing anemia beyond dialysis.
Which psychological effect is commonly observed in patients experiencing immobility?
- A. Increased motivation
- B. Decreased risk of depression
- C. Increased sense of independence
- D. Increased risk of anxiety and depression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobility often increases anxiety and depression risk, as patients face mobility loss, dependence, and isolation, fostering psychological distress. Motivation and independence typically wane with restricted activity, while depression risk rises, not falls, due to these constraints. Nurses address this through emotional support and engagement, understanding that mental health declines when physical freedom is curtailed. This effect highlights the need for holistic care, blending physical interventions with psychological support to mitigate the emotional toll of immobility on patients.
An 85-year-old male patient has been bedridden for two weeks. Which of the following complaints by the patient indicates to the nurse that he is developing a complication of immobility?
- A. Stiffness of the right ankle joint
- B. Soreness of the gums
- C. Short-term memory loss
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Joint stiffness signals early contractures or atrophy from immobility.
The nurse observes that Mr. Adams begins to have increased difficulty breathing. She elevates the head of the bed to the high Fowler position, which decreases his respiratory distress. The nurse documents this breathing as:
- A. Tachypnea
- B. Eupnea
- C. Orthopnea
- D. Hyperventilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orthopnea is difficulty breathing relieved by an upright position.