Nokea
Grasping the pencil represents a child's
- A. Gross motor skills
- B. Fine motor skills
- C. Large motor skills
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grasping a pencil requires fine motor precision.
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The humanistic theorist developed the hierarchy of needs.
- A. Abraham Maslow
- B. Sigmund Freud
- C. Erik Erikson
- D. Jean Piaget
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abraham Maslow introduced the hierarchy of needs as part of his humanist theory. This theory consisted of five levels of need. Maslow's hierarchy of needs begins at a lower level and proceeds to a higher level.
Of the 11 topics of priority conditions selected in the Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG), which one topic from the following list is included?
- A. Anxiety neurosis.
- B. Epilepsy.
- C. Obsessive compulsive disorder.
- D. Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epilepsy is a priority condition in mhGAP-IG due to its prevalence and impact.
Which client has met the criteria for psychiatric homebound care?
- A. A 67-year-old retired teacher who has been depressed since the death of his longtime partner
- B. A 21-year-old diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia who has delusions that the world is about to end
- C. A 45-year-old who, for the last 5 years, has experienced severe panic attacks whenever she attempts to leave her home
- D. A 16-year-old who has demonstrated obsessive-compulsive behaviors involving cleaning rituals since she was 10 years old
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the client meets the criteria for psychiatric homebound care by experiencing severe panic attacks when trying to leave the home. This indicates significant impairment in functioning outside the home.
Explanation:
1. Criterion met: The client's severe panic attacks prevent her from leaving the home, indicating a need for care within the home environment.
2. Impairment in functioning: The client's panic attacks significantly impact her ability to engage in daily activities outside the home.
3. Duration of symptoms: The client has experienced these severe panic attacks for the last 5 years, indicating a chronic and persistent condition.
Summary of other choices:
A: Depression alone does not necessarily warrant psychiatric homebound care.
B: Delusions related to paranoid schizophrenia do not inherently restrict the client to homebound care.
D: Obsessive-compulsive behaviors, while impactful, do not specifically require homebound care unless they severely impair functioning outside the home.
Which class of medications increases the availability of serotonin by blocking the reuptake of serotonin at the presynaptic membrane?
- A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- B. Polyuria
- C. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- D. Lithium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin at the presynaptic membrane, leading to increased availability of serotonin in the synaptic cleft. This helps alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety. Choice B, Polyuria, is a symptom related to excessive urination and is not a class of medication. Choice C, Carbamazepine, is an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer that works by different mechanisms, not by increasing serotonin availability. Choice D, Lithium, is also a mood stabilizer primarily used in bipolar disorder and does not directly increase serotonin levels.
Albert Ellis and Aron Beck contributed in ------therapy:
- A. Cognitive behavioral therapy
- B. REBT
- C. Rational Emotive Therapy
- D. None of them
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ellis (REBT) and Beck (cognitive therapy) both contributed to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), integrating thought and behavior.