Nokea
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
- A. They replicate in an organized manner.
- B. Their cellular arrangement is abnormal.
- C. They have an irregular shape.
- D. They have abnormal chromosomes.
- E. They have a different mitosis process.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cancer cells are disorderly in replication, have larger nuclei, an irregular shape, a different number of chromosomes, and a different process of mitosis.
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Select the food that is recommended for prevention of colorectal cancer in men.
- A. Oranges
- B. Ham
- C. Skinless chicken
- D. Asparagus
- E. Cheddar cheese
- F. Squash
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: Eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods and limiting intake of high-fat foods will help prevent cancer.
Which patient will be the highest priority for referral for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?
- A. 43-year-old Hispanic man
- B. 45-year-old African American man
- C. 49-year-old Korean man
- D. 50-year-old Native American man
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African American men are a high-risk population for prostate cancer. Asian Americans and Native Americans have a relatively low incidence of prostate cancer.
Which is a risk factor for cancer?
- A. Ethnicity
- B. Environmental irritants
- C. Alcoholism
- D. Hereditary factors
- E. Excessive exercise
- F. Exposure to ultraviolet light
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F
Rationale: Cancer risk factors include smoking and the use of smokeless tobacco, environmental irritants, alcoholism, hereditary factors, and dietary habits.
The nurse expects which nursing intervention to be in the plan of care for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy to treat cancer?
- A. Take aspirin daily to promote blood flow.
- B. Avoid all sexual contact
- C. Use a soft toothbrush for mouth care
- D. Take antibiotics before elective surgery
- E. Apply direct pressure for 5 - 10 minutes if bleeding occurs
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: A person with a low platelet count is at risk for bleeding. The patient should use a soft toothbrush for mouth care and apply direct pressure for 5-10 minutes if bleeding occurs. Aspirin is contraindicated with thrombocytopenia. If the patient has sexual intercourse, gentleness and adequate lubrication should be used. The patient should not have any elective surgery. In addition, antibiotics will not be beneficial for a low platelet count.
After reporting abdominal pain, the patient has blood drawn for a CA-19-9. When he asks the nurses the purpose of this test, which response is appropriate?
- A. It tests for hepatobiliary cancer.
- B. It tests for colorectal cancer.
- C. It tests for bladder cancer.
- D. It tests for lung cancer.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The CA-19-9 is a tumor marker for tumors in the hepatobiliary system.