Nokea
How do maternal mental health issues affect pregnancy?
- A. Lead to preterm birth
- B. Increase risk of low birth weight
- C. Cause poor fetal growth
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mental health issues can negatively impact fetal growth and birth outcomes.
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The AGACNP is evaluating a patient who reportedly fell down a flight of steps. Her history is significant for several emergency room visits, but she denies any significant medical conditions. Some documentation in her chart indicates that she may have been subjected to physical abuse. Today she presents with a periorbital ecchymosis of the left eye and swelling in the left side of the face. Her neurologic examination is within normal limits. Which head imaging study would be most useful in assessing for findings consistent with a history of abuse?
- A. Radiographs
- B. CT scan without contrast
- C. MRI
- D. PET scan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) would be the most useful head imaging study in assessing for findings consistent with a history of abuse in this patient. MRI is superior to CT in detecting subtle changes in the brain, such as small hemorrhages, edema, or shearing injuries, which may be present in cases of physical abuse. In cases of suspected abuse, it is important to evaluate for both acute and chronic changes that may not be clearly visible on other imaging modalities. While CT scans can detect acute hemorrhages or fractures, they may miss more subtle findings that can be seen on MRI. Therefore, an MRI would provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the brain and surrounding structures in this case.
Post-partum haemorrhage is likely to lead to acute renal failure due to
- A. Sheehan’s syndrome
- B. Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- C. Hypovolaemia leading to tubules necrosis
- D. Asherman’s syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypovolaemia from excessive bleeding can lead to renal failure.
Caesarean section performed at 30 gestational weeks is BEST performed through a
- A. Lower segment incision
- B. Upper segment incision
- C. Extra-peritoneal incision
- D. Classical type of incision
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A lower segment incision is the best choice for a cesarean section at 30 weeks gestation.
The MOST common type of breech presentation is
- A. Frank breech presentation
- B. Complete breech presentation
- C. Incomplete breech presentation
- D. Footling breech presentation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frank breech, where the buttocks are presenting with the legs extended, is the most common type of breech presentation.
Important components that mobilize brown fat in neonates to produce heat are
- A. Respiration and activity
- B. Oxygen and protein
- C. Calcium and glucose
- D. Oxygen and glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxygen and glucose are critical for brown fat mobilization and thermogenesis in neonates.